Medicinal Components in Edible Mushrooms on Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

Abstract

Mushrooms belong to the family “Fungi” and became famous for their medicinal properties and easy accessibility all over the world. Because of its pharmaceutical properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties, it became a hot topic among scientists. However, depending on species and varieties, most of the medicinal properties became indistinct. With this interest, an attempt has been made to scrutinize the role of edible mushrooms (EM) in diabetes mellitus treatment. A systematic contemporary literature review has been carried out from all records such as Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar with an aim to represents the work has performed on mushrooms focuses on diabetes, insulin resistance (IR), and preventive mechanism of IR, using different kinds of mushroom extracts. The final review represents that EM plays an important role in anticipation of insulin resistance with the help of active compounds, i.e., polysaccharide, vitamin D, and signifies α-glucosidase or α-amylase preventive activities. Although most of the mechanism is not clear yet, many varieties of mushrooms’ medicinal properties have not been studied properly. So, in the future, further investigation is needed on edible medicinal mushrooms to overcome the research gap to use its clinical potential to prevent non-communicable diseases.

A Randomized Controlled Trial on Pleurotus eryngii Mushrooms with Antioxidant Compounds and Vitamin D2 in Managing Metabolic Disorders

“…We succeeded in proving our primary hypothesis that the daily consumption of the snack regulates glucose levels compared with the control group. Our findings are in accordance with the existing literature, as it has been shown that mushrooms possess an antidiabetic effect mainly due to their polysaccharide content [ 31 ] and by increasing glucokinase activity [ 32 ]. P. ostreatus exhibits similar effects, with a 7-day consumption of a cooked mushroom meal in exchange for vegetables to hospitalized patients with insulin resistance, resulting in a 22% reduction in fasting glucose [ 33 ].…”

Antidiabetic Activity and Molecular Docking Analysis of Milky Mushroom (Calocybe indica) Grown on the Renewable Substrate

“…The growth of milk mushroom species (Calocybe indicia), which are high in vitamins and calcium, and have nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, bioremediation and biodegradable properties, has continued and gained momentum in recent years [18]. In addition, mushrooms have more than 100 therapeutic properties, with their primary medical applications being for detoxification, antibacterial, immunomodulation, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, antitumor, antiallergic, antioxidant, and anticholesterolemic effects [19]. In particular, the presence of biologically active substances that inhibit enzymes can contribute to antidiabetic activity.…”

Exploring Edible Mushrooms for Diabetes: Unveiling Their Role in Prevention and Treatment

“…As a result, research into the precise molecular mechanism that can reveal their anti-diabetic potential is required. Animal studies have provided the most conclusive proof of medicinal mushrooms’ therapeutic properties [ 27 ].…”

“…In addition to homoglucans (β-1, 3 glucan), heteroglycans, heterogalactans, and heteromannans, mushrooms also contain other structural polysaccharides. By inhibiting glucosidase, supporting the functions of glucose transporter 4, and lowering inflammatory markers, these polysaccharides and terpenoids (secondary metabolites) play a crucial role in glucose homeostasis and enhance insulin resistance and lipid metabolism [ 27 , 28 ].…”