Medicinal and Food Plants of Svaneti and Lechkhumi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus

W, Bussmann Rainer; Y, Paniagua Zambrana Narel; Sikharulidze, Shalva; Kikvidze, Zaal; David, Kikodze

doi:10.4172/2167-0412.1000266

Cited by 548 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The much larger incidence of wild plant use for food in Tusheti might stem from the long isolation and high altitude location of the whole region, where agriculture and home gardening are relatively recent arrivals after the construction of the main access road in the 1970s. However, a very similar structure of plant use could be observed all over Georgia [32,33]. Interestingly, medicinal plant species tended to coincide much more with other studies in the region [14,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Plant and fungal use in Tusheti, Khevsureti, and Pshavi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus

Zambrana²,

et al. 2016

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In this study, we documented traditional plant use in Tusheti, Khevsureti, and Pshavi and hypothesized that (i) plant use knowledge in general would be higher in isolated high elevation communities, and that (ii) use of home gardens would be much more restricted to lower elevation settings. Fieldwork was conducted in Khevsureti, Pshavi, and Tusheti. Interviews using semi-structured questionnaires were conducted with 74 participants. In the present study, we encountered 317 plant species belonging to 203 genera of 80 families being used in the research region. Of these, 197 species were exclusively wild-harvested, 73 were grown in homegardens, and 47 were both grown in gardens and sourced in the wild. The ordinations in plant-space and in use-space were significantly fit by elevation of informant community, and community itself. Age and gender did not significantly fit the distribution of informants across either plant-space or use-space, respectively. Number of use-reports was highest across all communities in the food and medicinal use-categories, and informant consensus. Species with especially high use-diversity (UD) tended to be woody species although. Species with high usevalue (UV) were mostly managed/domesticated species from home orchards, gardens, or farms. Plant species, and uses, found in our study, showed clear relations to the wider Eurasian cultural complex. The species number found was, however, far higher than in any published study from either the region or the wiser Mediterranean and Eurasia. The maintenance of home gardens in Georgia serves as socioecological memory. While the great variety of plant species used in the Georgian Caucasus might provide a reservoir for food security climate change is starting to affect both natural floristic diversity and gardens both in the Caucasus as well as continent wide.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Plant and fungal use in Tusheti, Khevsureti, and Pshavi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus

Zambrana²,

et al. 2016

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“…Many gentians were used in the traditional medical systems of the Caucasus native peoples. However, the latest published paper about medical plants of Caucasus often overlooked aspects of the gentians’ application in traditional medical practice despite their wide use by native peoples [3,4,5,6]. The known ethnopharmacological data on uses of the gentians as medical plants are various, and the plants have demonstrated a wide spectrum of pathology treatments (Supplementary Materials, Table S1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caucasian Gentiana Species: Untargeted LC-MS Metabolic Profiling, Antioxidant and Digestive Enzyme Inhibiting Activity of Six Plants

et al. 2019

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The members of Gentiana genus are widely distributed in the Caucasus region where they are used as phytoremedies, but they still have not been studied for their chemical composition and bioactivity. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray triple quadrupole mass detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-QQQ-MS) was used to investigate metabolites of herb and roots of six gentians (Gentiana asclepiadea, G. cruciata, G. gelida, G. paradoxa, G. pneumonanthe, G. septemfida) grown in the Caucasus. In total, 137 compounds were found including three carbohydrates, 71 iridoid glycosides (mostly loganic acid), loganin, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside and sweroside derivatives, 40 flavones C-, O-, C,O-glycosides (such as luteolin, apigenin, chrysoeriol, and acacetin derivatives), two phenolic O-glycosides, five hydroxycinnamates, eight xanthones, and seven triterpene glycosides. Most of these compounds were identified in gentian samples for the first time. Quantitative differences were found in levels of seven iridoid glycosides, nine glycosylflavones, and two xanthones obtained by HPLC-DAD assay. The gentian extracts were evaluated for their radical-scavenging properties against DPPH and superoxide anion radicals, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and α-amylase/α-glycosidase inhibition. The herb extracts showed higher activity than root extracts. Positive correlations were found between the content of quantified phenolics and antioxidant and digestive enzymes inhibiting activity. The findings presented in our work suggest that the Caucasian gentians are a good source of bioactive phytocompounds with antioxidant and antidiabetic potential.

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“…The flowers are used as remedy for colds, the leaves for gallstones, as laxative and diuretic, and for oral inflammations and toothache. The roots are used for liver problems, and the whole plant serves as medicinal tea (Bussmann et al 2016a(Bussmann et al , b, c, 2017(Bussmann et al , 2018Bussmann 2017;Grossheim 1952). In India, the root extract is used for migraine, headaches, as blood purifier, and for hepatitis (Bhat et al 2013) (Figs.…”

Section: Local Medicinal Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flowers are boiled with sugar as substitute for honey. The leaves and shoots are eaten as salad, and in chave and pkhali (herb pie), cooked with eggs and yoghurt as soup, and as tea (Bussmann et al 2016a(Bussmann et al , b, c, 2017(Bussmann et al , 2018Bussmann 2017).…”

Section: Local Food Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2020

Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Central Asia and Altai

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Medicinal and Food Plants of Svaneti and Lechkhumi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus

Cited by 548 publications

References 28 publications

Plant and fungal use in Tusheti, Khevsureti, and Pshavi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus

Plant and fungal use in Tusheti, Khevsureti, and Pshavi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus

Caucasian Gentiana Species: Untargeted LC-MS Metabolic Profiling, Antioxidant and Digestive Enzyme Inhibiting Activity of Six Plants

Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg Asteraceae

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