Medical treatment of glaucoma: present and future

Fogagnolo, Paolo; Rossetti, Luca

doi:10.1517/13543784.2011.579901

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Adherence to treatment was not thoughtfully checked. We found an IOP-lowering effect of 32%, which was higher than reported in meta-analysis study (peak effect of 28%) (Fogagnolo & Rossetti 2011). Possible explanations of this difference include the sample of firstly diagnosed patients, who are known to better respond to treatments.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

In vivo confocal microscopy of conjunctiva in preservative‐free timolol 0.1% gel formulation therapy for glaucoma

Frezzotti

Fogagnolo

Haka

et al. 2013

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To evaluate the effects at 1 year of preservative-free timolol gel and preserved timolol eye drops on conjunctiva and tear parameters. Methods: Forty patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomized to the two treatment groups and compared with 20 healthy age-matched controls. Clinical tests (IOP, Schirmer I test, and lacrimal film break-up time BUT) and in vivo conjunctival confocal microscopy (IVCM) were performed in all patients at baseline and after 12 months. IVCM (HRT II Rostock Cornea Module; Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) was performed after topical anaesthesia in the four cardinal locations and at the corresponding limbus to analyse conjunctiva cells. The main IVCM outcomes were goblet cell density and epithelial regularity. Results: IVCM and clinical parameters were similar in the three groups at baseline. After 12 months, intra-epithelial goblet cell density was significantly lower in the preserved (48.25 AE 7.70) than in the preservative-free beta-blocker group (86.83 AE 22.17, p < 0.001) and controls (88.9 AE 18.33, p < 0.001). The epithelial layer was significantly more regular in the preserved beta-blocker medication group than in the preservative-free beta-blocker group (p < 0.001) and the control group (p < 0.001). A significant reduction in both Schirmer I and BUT was found in the group of preserved timolol (respectively, 11.3 AE 2.97 and 8.12 AE 0.99) compared with preservative-free timolol (16.8 AE 1.83 and 11.27 AE 1.27, p < 0.001) and controls (17.8 AE 1.87 and 12.10 AE 1.28, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on our IVCM data, preservative-free beta-blocker gel induces less changes at ocular surface than preserved beta-blockers, a fact that should be considered to obtain less adverse effects and maximal adherence to treatment in a chronic condition such as glaucoma.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

In vivo confocal microscopy of conjunctiva in preservative‐free timolol 0.1% gel formulation therapy for glaucoma

Frezzotti

Fogagnolo

Haka

et al. 2013

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…Finally, the study did not control other factors than IOP (mainly adherence to treatment and perfusion pressure) [37] that could induce progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short- and Long-Term Phasing of Intraocular Pressure in Stable and Progressive Glaucoma

et al. 2013

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Aims: To evaluate short- (ST) and long-term (LT) intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with stable (SG) and progressive glaucoma (PG). Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients with treated glaucoma received a baseline 24-hour IOP curve and, every 6 months for 2 years, office-hour curve plus visual field test. Based on field changes, they were divided into 24 SG and 28 PG. ST and LT IOP mean, peak and fluctuation (standard deviation of measurements) were calculated. Parameters determining progression were evaluated by logistic regression. Results: At ST, SG and PG, respectively, had mean IOP of 16.8 ± 2.2 and 15.3 ± 1.8 mm Hg; peak of 19.7 ± 3.3, 17.4 ± 2.3 mm Hg; fluctuation of 2.3 ± 1.2, and 1.6 ± 0.6 mm Hg. LT parameters did not change in SG, whereas a significant increase of mean (+1.0 ± 1.5 mm Hg, p = 0.05), peak (2.0 ± 2.4 mm Hg, p = 0.0002), and fluctuation (0.5 ± 1.1 mm Hg, p = 0.008) occurred in PG. Mean, peak, and fluctuation were correlated, except mean and fluctuation in the long term. Association with progression was shown for change in mean IOP between ST and LT, and ST peak. Conclusions: SG and PG may show different IOP parameters when intensively measured at baseline and follow-up. Mean IOP change between ST and LT periods and ST peak were the parameters associated with progression.

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“…It can lead to blindness if left untreated and occurs in approximately 1-2% of the population over 40 years, rising up to 5% after the age of 70 [1]. Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) has been proven effective in slowing the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and reducing the conversion from ocular hypertension to POAG [2,3,4,5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citicoline Oral Solution in Glaucoma: Is There a Role in Slowing Disease Progression?

et al. 2013

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Purpose: To assess the effect of citicoline on visual field rates of progression in patients with progressing glaucoma. Patients and Methods: Forty-one patients with a diagnosis of progressing glaucoma received citicoline in oral solution for 2 years. Included were patients with a disease progression of at least -1 dB/year (at MD, mean deviation) for at least 3 years before entering the study despite controlled intraocular pressure (IOP). Patients were followed with 4 visual field examinations per year for 2 years. Results: At baseline, the mean rate of progression was -1.1 (±0.7) dB/year despite the fact that the IOP had been below 18 mm Hg for at least 3 years. At study inclusion, the mean IOP was 15.5 (±2.6) mm Hg and the mean MD was -9.2 (±6.7) dB in the worst eye. Starting from the first cycle of treatment with citicoline, the mean rate of progression significantly changed to -0.15 (±0.3) dB/year at the end of the study (p = 0.01). Conclusions: This study seems to indicate that supplementation with citicoline might significantly slow down glaucomatous rates of progression.

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Medical treatment of glaucoma: present and future

Cited by 27 publications

References 70 publications

In vivo confocal microscopy of conjunctiva in preservative‐free timolol 0.1% gel formulation therapy for glaucoma

In vivo confocal microscopy of conjunctiva in preservative‐free timolol 0.1% gel formulation therapy for glaucoma

Short- and Long-Term Phasing of Intraocular Pressure in Stable and Progressive Glaucoma

Citicoline Oral Solution in Glaucoma: Is There a Role in Slowing Disease Progression?

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