Medical Toxicology and Public Health—Update on Research and Activities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

Anwar, Mehruba; Ridpath, Alison; Berner, James; Schier, Joshua G.

doi:10.1007/s13181-016-0562-8

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Higher consumption of non-traditional foods, as well as the more sedentary lifestyle that corresponds with movement away from traditional subsistence practices, has been linked to health problems such as obesity, diabetes, colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, and developmental disorders [65,70,76,77] and to nutritional deficiencies. For example, in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta of Alaska, a retrospective study of banked samples from young Alaska Native women taken from 1960 to 2010 showed a significant decline in plasma vitamin D concentrations associated with a drop in the consumption of traditional marine foods [78][79][80]. The prevalence of lifestyle-associated diseases has been increasing in remote communities throughout the circumpolar North.…”

Section: One Health In the Subsistence Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

One health in the circumpolar North

Hueffer

Ehrlander

Etz

et al. 2019

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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The North faces significant health disparities, especially among its many Indigenous peoples. In this article we discuss historical, environmental, and cultural variables that contribute to these disparities and propose a One Health approach to address them in a holistic and culturally appropriate manner. The One Health paradigm recognizes the interdependence among the health and well-being of people, animals and the environment. As such, the framework aligns well with many Indigenous world views. This proactive, interdisciplinary, constructivist, and collaborative approach promise earlier detection of risks and threats, as well as more effective responses, in part by engaging community level stakeholders in all stages of the process. In the far North, humans, especially Indigenous peoples, continue to live closely connected to their environment, in settings that exert significant impacts on health. In recent decades, rapid warming and elevated contaminant levels have heightened environmental risks and increased uncertainty, both of which threaten individual and community health and well-being. Under these circumstances especially, One Health's comprehensive approach may provide mitigating and adaptive strategies to enhance resilience. While many of the examples used in this manuscript focus on Alaska and Canada, the authors believe similar conditions exist among the indigenous and rural residents across the entire Circumpolar North.

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Section: One Health In the Subsistence Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

One health in the circumpolar North

Hueffer

Ehrlander

Etz

et al. 2019

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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“…From 1998-2014, the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, funded by the USA Environmental Protection Agency, enrolled three cohorts of the MOMS contaminant evaluation study [26]. MOMS was designed to observe the levels and effects of heavy metals, Persistent Organic Pollutants, and other anthropogenic pollutants in mothers and their infants residing in the YK Delta.…”

Section: Maternal Organics Monitoring Study (Moms) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of individual-level vs. hypothetically pooled mercury biomonitoring data from the Maternal Organics Monitoring Study (MOMS), Alaska, 1999-2012

Mosites

Rodríguez

Caudill

et al. 2020

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Biomonitoring for heavy metals is important to assess health risks, especially in Arctic communities where rural residents rely on locally harvested foods. However, laboratory testing for blood contaminants is expensive and might not be sustainable for long-term monitoring. We assessed whether pooled specimen biomonitoring could be a part of a plan for blood contaminant surveillance among pregnant women in rural Alaska using existing blood mercury level data from three cross sectional studies of pregnant women. We applied a hypothetical pooled specimen template stratified into 8 demographic groups based on age, coastal or inland residence, and pre-pregnancy weight. The hypothetical geometric mean blood mercury levels were similar to the individual-level geometric means. However, the 95% confidence intervals were much wider for the hypothetical geometric means compared to the true geometric means. Although the variability that resulted from pooling specimens using a small sample made it difficult to compare demographic groups to each other, pooled specimen results could be an accurate reflection of the population burden of mercury contamination in the Arctic in the context of large numbers of biomonitoring samples.

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“…The Maternal Organics Monitoring study (MOMS) is a prospective, ongoing cohort study examining diet and pollutant factors among mothers and their children in the rural Yukon Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) region in southwestern Alaska. Aggregating levels of nutrients from subsistence foods in maternal blood, the study seeks to understand if overall benefits of subsistence diets outweigh risks of exposure to environmental pollutants (Anwar et al 2016). In the MOMS, 28% of maternal bloods drawn at prenatal visits and 91% of cord bloods had 25(OH)D levels that were insufficient (<50 nmol/L).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency with Early Childhood Caries

et al. 2019

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Alaska Native (AN) children experience one of the highest reported rates of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Serum vitamin D concentrations in AN childbearing women in the Yukon Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) region have decreased since the 1960s to currently low levels, related to a decrease in traditional marine diet. Recent studies suggest an association between prenatal vitamin D (25(OH) D) concentrations in mothers and S-ECC in their infants. We used independent t tests to analyze the influence of prenatal 25(OH)D levels in YKD AN mothers on S-ECC in their children using data collected in the Maternal Organics Monitoring Study (MOMS). Maternal 25(OH)D levels were assessed at prenatal visits and in cord blood. We queried electronic dental records to assess early childhood caries (ECC) status using highest decayed, missing, filled, primary teeth (dmft) scores at 12 to 59 mo of age. We examined prenatal and cord blood for 76 and 57 mother/infant pairs, respectively. Children 12 to 35 mo of age with "deficient" cord blood (25(OH)D <30 nmol/L) had a mean dmft score twice as high as children who were "nondeficient" at birth (9.3 vs. 4.7; P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in mean dmft scores for children aged 36 to 59 mo with deficient versus nondeficient cord blood 25(OH)D (10.9 vs. 8.7 P = 0.14). There was no significant difference in mean dmft scores for children aged 12 to 35 mo whose mothers had "sufficient" versus "insufficient" 25(OH)D during prenatal visits (9.0 vs. 7.4; P = 0.48). In this small sample, children with deficient vitamin D levels in cord blood had a dmft score at 12 to 35 mo 2-fold higher than children with nondeficient cord blood. Maternal 25(OH)D may influence the primary dentition, and improving vitamin D status in pregnant women might affect ECC rates in their infants.

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Medical Toxicology and Public Health—Update on Research and Activities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

Abstract: Evidence suggests that in

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

One health in the circumpolar North

One health in the circumpolar North

A comparison of individual-level vs. hypothetically pooled mercury biomonitoring data from the Maternal Organics Monitoring Study (MOMS), Alaska, 1999-2012

Association of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency with Early Childhood Caries

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