Medical students' experiences in learning the Mental State Examination with standardized patients

Mahendran, Rathi; Lim, Haikel A.; Kua, Ee Heok

doi:10.1111/appy.12360

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…19,20 However, findings relating to the effectiveness of many of these interventions have been inconsistent to date. 21,22 This study exhibits limitations. The survey features selfreported, rather than objective, measures of clinical confidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Exploring foundation doctors’ self-reported confidence in the assessment and management of mental health conditions

Gillett

Davis²,

Gill³

et al. 2023

BJPsych Bull

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Aims and method This study assesses newly qualified doctors’ confidence in practising clinical skills related to the assessment and management of mental health conditions and how this correlates with other areas of medicine. We conducted a national survey of 1311 Foundation Year 1 doctors in the UK. Survey items assessed confidence recognising mentally unwell patients, conducting a mental state examination, assessing cognition and mental capacity, formulating a psychiatric diagnosis and prescribing psychotropic medications. Results A substantial proportion of surveyed doctors lacked confidence in their clinical skills related to mental health and prescribing psychotropic medications. Network analysis revealed that items corresponding to mental health were highly correlated, suggesting a potential generalised lack of confidence in mental healthcare. Clinical implications We identify areas of lack of confidence in some newly qualified doctors’ ability to assess and manage mental health conditions. Future research might explore how greater exposure to psychiatry, integrated teaching and clinical simulation might better support medical students for future clinical work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“… 19 , 20 However, findings relating to the effectiveness of many of these interventions have been inconsistent to date. 21 , 22 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring foundation doctors’ self-reported confidence in the assessment and management of mental health conditions

Gillett

Davis²,

Gill³

et al. 2023

BJPsych Bull

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research on how SPs are perceived by students has shown mixed results: interprofessional healthcare professionals and teachers stated that exercises with SPs were associated with an increased sense of realism, and actor feedback was highlighted as a key component in learning [ 31 ]. Others have reported that medical students found interactions with SPs to be unnatural [ 32 ] or felt that actors overacted and did not behave like real patients [ 33 ], although this view was not shared by teachers [ 33 ]. In our focus groups, working with actors as SPs was generally regarded as increasing the sense of realism in the simulations, although a few experienced it as constraining and stated that the actors were too extreme and overacted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical students’ experiences of working with simulated patients in challenging communication training

2022

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Background Physicians’ communication skills are important for patient-centered care. Although working with simulated patients (SPs) in case simulations is common for training communication skills, studies seldom include a wide range of challenging behaviors or explore students’ own experiences of learning communication skills with SPs. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating how medical students perceive communication training involving challenging consultations with SPs and the impact on their learning experiences. Methods Twenty-three medical students from the same class were interviewed in focus groups about their experiences of simulation training with actors as SPs. In the simulation training, the students were instructed to deliver bad news, manage negative patient reactions, and encourage behavioral changes in reluctant patients. This was followed by feedback and a debriefing exercise. The interviews were analyzed with content analysis. Results Students reported that actors as SPs made the simulations more realistic and enabled them to practice various communication skills for challenging consultations in a safe way and manage their own feelings, thereby promoting new learning experiences. Elements such as actors’ flexibility in changing behaviors during role-play and exposure to different challenging behaviors, like negative emotions, were regarded as valuable. The importance of an accepting and permissive climate for the debriefing exercise was highlighted, though without taking too much time from the simulation training. Feedback directly from the SP was appreciated. Conclusions Actors as SPs were perceived as a valuable part of challenging communication training and added elements to the learning process. Future studies should include a wider range of challenging behaviors in training with SPs and evaluate the effects of such training on students’ use of communication skills.

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“…Role-play exercises[2,24,25,27,29,32,43,46,51,52,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]] • Directly/indirectly observed sequences with real patients in in-/outpatient settings with expert feedback in individual or group learning settings [18, 21, 28, 64-69] • Clinical rotations/attachments/clerkships [33, 34, 45, 48, 51, 52, 69, 70] • Practice with standardized interview guides or documentation templates [22, 47, 48, 71] • (Video-taped) interactions in person or virtually with real/simulated or manikin patients[23, 32-35, 46, 55, 69, 70, 72] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Instructional Design Strategies for Teaching the Mental Status Examination and Psychiatric Interview: a Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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Objective The psychiatric mental status examination is a fundamental aspect of the psychiatric clinical interview. However, despite its importance, little emphasis has been given to evidence-based instructional design. Therefore, this review summarizes the literature from an instructional design perspective with the aim of uncovering design strategies that have been used for teaching the psychiatric interview and mental status examination to health professionals. Methods The authors conducted a scoping review. Multiple databases, reference lists, and the gray literature were searched for relevant publications across educational levels and professions. A cognitive task analysis and an instructional design framework was used to summarize and chart the findings. Results A total of 61 articles from 17 countries in six disciplines and three educational levels were identified for data extraction and analysis. Most studies were from the USA, presented as educational case reports, and carried out in undergraduate education in the field of psychiatry. Few articles described the instructional rationale for their curriculum. None of the studies compared the effectiveness of different instructional design components. Reported learning activities for each task domain (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and for each step of an instructional design process were charted. Most articles reported the use of introductory seminars or lectures in combination with digital learning material (videos and virtual patients in more recent publications) and role-play exercises. Conclusions Educators in psychiatry should consider all task domains of the psychiatric interview and mental status examination. Currently, there is a lack of empirical research on expertise acquisition and use of instructional design frameworks in this context.

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Medical students' experiences in learning the Mental State Examination with standardized patients

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Exploring foundation doctors’ self-reported confidence in the assessment and management of mental health conditions

Exploring foundation doctors’ self-reported confidence in the assessment and management of mental health conditions

Medical students’ experiences of working with simulated patients in challenging communication training

Instructional Design Strategies for Teaching the Mental Status Examination and Psychiatric Interview: a Scoping Review

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