Medical Planning for Very Large Events

Vasquez, Marissa S.; Fong, Michael; Patel, Leena J.; Kurose, Brian; Tierney, John T.; Gardner, Imani; Yazdani-Arazi, Arash; Su, John K.

doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000160

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The key factor for success is the combination of preparation, planning, and communication. Previously, several trials for the preparation and planning of mass gathering sports events have been reported [ 11 – 13 ]. The present study focused on spectator medicine in the stadium, not for the athlete and general travellers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectator medicine at an international mega sports event: Rugby World Cup 2019 in Japan

Tajima

Takazawa

Yamada

et al. 2020

Environ Health Prev Med

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Background The Rugby World Cup (RWC) is one of the biggest international mega sports events in the world. This study was conducted to identify and evaluate the volume, nature, and severity of spectator medical care in the stadiums of 12 venues across Japan during RWC 2019. Method This was a retrospective review of medical records from spectator medical rooms of 45 official matches of RWC 2019 between September 20 and November 2, 2019. All patients in the stadium who visited the spectator medical room and were transferred to a hospital were included. The wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) value at the kick-off time of each match, the number of visits to the spectator medical room, and the number of transfers to a hospital were reviewed and analyzed. The patient presentation rate (PPR) was calculated per 10,000 attendees. Severity categories were defined as mild or severe. Mild cases were considered non-life threatening requiring minimal medical intervention, and severe cases required transport to a hospital. Result The total number of visits to the spectator medical room was 449 with a PPR of 2.63. Most cases (91.5%) were mild in severity. The PPR was significantly higher for the matches held with a WBGT over 25 °C than for the matches under 21 °C (PPR 4.27 vs 2.04, p = 0.04). Thirty-eight cases were transferred to a hospital by ambulance; the PPR was 0.22. The most common reasons for transfer to the hospital were heat illness and fracture/dislocation, at a rate of 15.8% each. The incidence rate of cardiopulmonary arrest per 10,000 attendees was 0.0059 during RWC 2019. Conclusion Preparation and provision of appropriate medical service for spectators is a key factor for mass-gathering events. During RWC 2019, the majority (91.5%) of patients who sought medical attention did so for minor complaints, which were easily assessed and managed. On the other hand, a higher WBGT situation contributes significantly to an increased PPR (< 21 versus > 25, 2.04 versus 4.27, p = 0.04). Careful medical preparation, management, and development of public education programs for higher WBGT situations will be required in the future for similar international mega sports events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectator medicine at an international mega sports event: Rugby World Cup 2019 in Japan

Tajima

Takazawa

Yamada

et al. 2020

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…6 Finally, a report of medical planning for a large SO event (World Games Los Angeles 2015) had focused on logistical considerations within US events but did not analyze injury data in athletes. 7 Given these limited data on SO injuries from previous studies, it is important to study the full breadth of injuries at a large SO event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These challenges add to the usual logistical planning for venues and events used for any large-scale competition. 7 Given the frequency and scale with which SO events are held worldwide, we aimed to analyze the injury trends in SO athletes to inform medical teams of injury trends in preparation for future events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury Trends in Special Olympics Athletes From the 2018 USA Games

Newman

Fudge

Haskins

et al. 2022

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

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Objective:To categorize injury types and occurrence among athletes participating in the Special Olympics (SO).Design:Retrospective cross-sectional cohort study.Setting:2018 SO USA Games.Participants:Athletes participating in 14 sports at the 2018 SO USA Games (n = 2251).Independent Variables:Individual and team sports.Main Outcome Measures:Percentage of athletes injured per individual sport, percentage of injury type by sport, rate of injuries per 1000 exposures, and number of injuries per game in team sports.Results:In individual sports, the percentage of athletes injured ranged from 38.5% in gymnastics to 12.9% in golf. Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries occurred in 53.3% of gymnastics injuries and 58.6% of tennis injuries. For stand-up paddleboard, most injuries were non-MSK (66.7%). The highest rate of MSK injuries occurred in gymnastics (25.6/1000 exposures), whereas the highest rates of non-MSK injuries (95.2/1000 exposures) and minor injuries (47.6/1000 exposures) were among stand-up paddleboard athletes. In team sports, the highest number of injuries per game occurred in softball (1.9 per game).Conclusions:A high percentage of injuries occurred at the 2018 SO USA Games. The high rate of non-MSK injuries is unique to the SO and should be considered when planning medical coverage for future events.

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“…[ 7 ] There should be medical rescue teams who are particularly trained for particular injuries expected to happen according to the type of sports events. [ 21 ] Medical rescue teams should be physically, psychologically, and technically ready in a perfect way. [ 21 ] In Formula 1 Singapore Night Races, PPR was found to be 2.7, and Transport to Hospital Rate was 0.034.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 21 ] Medical rescue teams should be physically, psychologically, and technically ready in a perfect way. [ 21 ] In Formula 1 Singapore Night Races, PPR was found to be 2.7, and Transport to Hospital Rate was 0.034. [ 22 ] The majority of applications/admissions (%58.7) in races are musculoskeletal injuries which include fluid retention, lacerations, abrasions, sprains, and strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Trauma Cases in Different Types of Mass Gathering Events

Koçak¹

2021

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

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BACKGROUND: There are several factors affecting trauma cases in mass gatherings (MG). Event type, mood of the crowd, age, gender and educational background are among these factors. It is to identify the relationship between the event types of trauma cases and temperature variables observed in MG. METHODS: It is a descriptive epidemiological study. The universe of the research consists of 112 emergency medical service records (ambulance) in organizations such as Çanakkale Victory and Martyrs’ Memorial Day (ÇVMMD), Zeytinli Rock Fest, Deaflympics, and European Youth Olympic Winter Festival (EYOF). For the statistical evaluations of the study, frequency analysis, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. RESULTS: Within the scope of the research, 474 emergency medical service cases were examined. About 49.5% (n=235) of the cases took place at the DEAFOLIMPICS. About 57.6% (n=273) of the cases are male. The age average of the cases is 30.3±16.5 (Min: 0, Max: 92). When the pre-diagnosis range at the ÇVMMD is examined, it is seen that 27.7% (n=20) of the cases are trauma cases while 72.2% (n=52) are non-trauma cases. Among the trauma cases, the most frequently observed ones are soft-tissue trauma, multi-trauma, lower limb injury, and head trauma. When the other cases are examined, the most common ones are angina pectoris, nausea-vomiting, asthma, and ache. In the research, 38.3% (n=90) of the cases at the DEAFOLIMPICS are trauma cases, while 61.7% (n=145) are non-trauma cases. While the trauma cases mostly consist of soft-tissue injury and lower limb injury, the non-trauma cases include nausea-vomiting and upper respiratory infections. While the trauma cases were caused by multi-trauma, sharp object injury, soft-tissue injury, and head trauma, the pre-diagnosis of the non-trauma cases mainly included mental confusion and behavioral disorder due to use of alcohol; conversion; behavioral changes due to use of substance and drug use; hypotension; and allergic reaction. CONCLUSION: As a consequence of the logistic regression modeling, the trauma cases were found to be 1.6 times (p<0.05) higher in men than women and 9.5 times more in those who participated in the EYOF event than those who participated in the ÇVMMD event (p<0.05).

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Medical Planning for Very Large Events

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Spectator medicine at an international mega sports event: Rugby World Cup 2019 in Japan

Spectator medicine at an international mega sports event: Rugby World Cup 2019 in Japan

Injury Trends in Special Olympics Athletes From the 2018 USA Games

Evaluation of Trauma Cases in Different Types of Mass Gathering Events

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