“…Several scholars have conducted research on the topic of VR, particularly in the fields of education (Zhang, 2018;Ruan, 2022;Chimakurthi, 2018), retailing (Wu & Kim, 2022;Xue et al, 2020), medical training (Kale, 2018;Indhumathi et al, 2009), and entertainment (Carroll et al, 2019;Xi, 2020;Muravevskaia & Gardner-McCune, 2022). Virtual reality is a highly intriguing area of study within the field of tourism studies, particularly in light of its rapid expansion and diverse range of potential applications.…”