Medical imaging and nuclear medicine: a Lancet Oncology Commission

Hricak, Hedvig; Abdel‐Wahab, May; Atun, Rifat; Lette, Miriam Mikhail; Páez, Diana; Brink, James A.; Donoso-Bach, Lluís; Frija, G.; Hierath, Monika; Holmberg, Ola; Khong, Pek‐Lan; Lewis, Jason S.; McGinty, Geraldine; Oyen, W.J.G.; Shulman, Lawrence N.; Ward, Zachary J.; Scott, Andrew

doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30751-8

Cited by 154 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Imaging is an essential tool in clinical practice and in cancer research, with a major impact on actual cancer diagnosis and treatment [1]. Imaging has been used for decades for breast cancer screening [11] and may also be useful for lung cancer screening [12].…”

Section: Noncommunicable Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced imaging techniques and image-guided biopsies provide information about tumour type, extent, aggressiveness, prognosis, and enable evaluation of tumour response to treatment. In the past decade, innovative technology has afforded remarkable advances in image-guided interventional oncological procedures and imageguided radiotherapy [1].…”

Section: Noncommunicable Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of Centres of reference has been adopted by several institutions for different health purposes [36,37,38,39] but has not been applied to imaging as far as we know. The COR, corresponding to tertiary care centres (level 3) and similar to the comprehensive tertiary centre of excellence described for oncology [1], is proposed to organise imaging services in LMICs. CORs are more than a concentration of equipment and comprise all aspects of the imaging ecosystem: regional networking, training capacities, high level of equipment and workforce.…”

Section: Centres Of Reference (Cor)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Imaging in the medical context refers to different technologies using ionising (plain x-rays, computed tomography, nuclear medicine) and non-ionising radiation (ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging) to diagnose, monitor, or treat medical conditions. Imaging is an integral part of healthcare, however, a recent study [1] highlighted a huge shortage of imaging equipment in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs.) For example, there is less than 1 CT scanner per million inhabitants in LMICs compared to almost 40 scanners per million inhabitants in high-income countries (HICs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gap is even wider for MRI and nuclear medicine equipment. This shortage of equipment is accompanied by a huge workforce shortage affecting radiologists, radiographers and medical physicists (1.9 vs. 97.9 radiologists per million inhabitants in low and high-income countries respectively) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to improve access to medical imaging in low- and middle-income countries ?

et al. 2021

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Imaging has become key in the care pathway of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Yet, there are major shortages of imaging equipment and workforce in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The International Society of Radiology outlines a plan to upscale the role of imaging in the global health agenda and proposes a holistic approach for LMICs. A generic model for organising imaging services in LMICs via regional Centres of Reference is presented. The need to better exploit IT and the potential of artificial intelligence for imaging, also in the LMIC setting, is highlighted. To implement the proposed plan, involvement of professional and international organisations is considered crucial. The establishment of an International Commission on Medical Imaging under the umbrella of international organisations is suggested and collaboration with other diagnostic disciplines is encouraged to raise awareness of the importance to upscale diagnostics at large and to foster its integration into the care pathway globally.

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Section: Noncommunicable Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Noncommunicable Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Centres Of Reference (Cor)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to improve access to medical imaging in low- and middle-income countries ?

et al. 2021

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Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019

et al. 2022

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and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. OBJECTIVE To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. EVIDENCE REVIEWThe GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).FINDINGS In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.

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Green autofluorescence of the skin and fingernails is a novel biomarker for evaluating the risk for developing acute ischemic stroke

Tao,

Yu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Journal of Biophotonics

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The only existing approach for assessing the risk of developing acute ischemic stroke (AIS) necessitates that individuals possess a strong understanding of their health status. Our research gathered compelling evidence in favor of our hypothesis, suggesting that the likelihood of developing AIS can be assessed by analyzing the green autofluorescence (AF) of the skin and fingernails. Utilizing machine learning‐based analyses of AF images, we found that the area under the curve (AUC) for distinguishing subjects with three risk factors from those with zero, one, or two risk factors was 0.79, 0.76, and 0.75, respectively. Our research has revealed that green AF serves as an innovative biomarker for assessing the risk of developing AIS. Our method is objective, non‐invasive, efficient, and economic, which shows great promise to boost a technology for screening natural populations for risk of developing AIS.

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Medical imaging and nuclear medicine: a Lancet Oncology Commission

Cited by 154 publications

References 126 publications

How to improve access to medical imaging in low- and middle-income countries ?

How to improve access to medical imaging in low- and middle-income countries ?

Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019

Green autofluorescence of the skin and fingernails is a novel biomarker for evaluating the risk for developing acute ischemic stroke

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