“…Further, other reports have indicated that future medical education will make advancements through the implementation of digital tools such as video, audio, and simulators [ 1 , 4 , 6 ]. In fact, since the 1990s, research has especially focused on the application of virtual simulation technology to medical education [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Currently, virtual simulation including virtual patient is helpful in pre-clinical education, which can now utilize 3D images to teach subjects such as anatomy and pathology [ 13 , 14 ], training for pediatric surgery and laparoscopy [ 15 , 16 ], bioethics [ 17 ], and tracheal intubation techniques [ 18 ].…”