Medical Education in Egypt: Historical Background, Current Status, and Challenges

Abdelaziz, Adel; Kassab, Salah; Abdelnasser, Asmaa; Hosny, Somaya

doi:10.1016/j.hpe.2017.12.007

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In 2016, the density of physicians was estimated to be 1 physician per 12,285 inhabitants [32]. The emigration of physicians abroad contributes substantially to the physician shortage in Egypt, a loss that cannot be replaced by recruitment of health care personal from Sudan und Rwanda [3, 33]. Common destination choices for Egyptian physicians include Gulf countries, Australia and the European Union (EU), including Germany [3, 12, 34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doctors on the move: a qualitative study on the driving factors in a group of Egyptian physicians migrating to Germany

2019

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BackgroundMigration of physicians has become a global phenomenon with significant implications for the healthcare delivery systems worldwide. The motivations and factors driving physician’s migration are complex and continuously evolving. Purpose of this study is to explore the driving forces in a group of Egyptian physicians and final-years medical students preparing to migrate to Germany.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted based on social constructivism epistemology. In five focus group discussions, there participated a total 12 residents and 6 final-year medical students from 7 different training and workplace locations in Egypt. The participants provided information about their motivation and planning for migration. We applied a coding framework based on the concept of push/pull factors and barriers/facilitators for migration, and used Atlas.ti software for analysis.ResultsThe thematic analysis indicated that the migration within the study’s participants results from a specific weighting of push and pull factors. Push factors are considered to be more important than pull factors. Factors related to professional development play a leading role. The route of migration towards Germany is mainly determined by the low hurdle registration and licensing requirements in this destination country compared to other countries. In some cases, Germany is regarded as a “transit country”, a step on the road to other European countries. The intent, planning and preparation of migration is assisted considerably by the local formation of a community and culture of migration with multiple ways for information exchange, identity building and social support through face-to-face and online channels.ConclusionsThis study specifies – in a group of Egyptian physicians and final-year medical students – the perceived push and pull factors which influenced their intent to migrate to Germany. In addition to the general wealth gap, their particular route of migration is mainly determined by the requirements in licensing and registration procedures for foreign physicians in the potential destination country. The planning and preparation of a move is substantially facilitated by their joining a social network and a community of migrating physicians.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doctors on the move: a qualitative study on the driving factors in a group of Egyptian physicians migrating to Germany

2019

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“…[ 50 ] The current curriculum of “Comprehensive Education in Family Medicine” is organized by the Sector for Technical Support and Projects, and one of the most important interventions of the HSRP is the introduction of family medicine expertise in the medical schools. [ 51 ] Conventionally, there is no organized referral system in the Egyptian health system and there is no limit to one's access to hospital services. [ 52 ] It still does not have a structured EHR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family physician model in the health system of selected countries: A comparative study summary

Mohammadibakhsh

Aryankhesal

Jafari

et al. 2020

J Edu Health Promot

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BACKGROUND: In the 21 st century, with the epidemiological and demographic transition and the changing nature of diseases and the increase in the burden of chronic diseases, the need to strengthen primary health care and the development of the family medical program as a strategy is felt significantly. AIM: The purpose of this study is to compare the model of implementation of family physician program (FPP) in the United States, England, Germany, Singapore, Turkey, Egypt, and Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a comparative study that examines the model of family physician implementation in selected countries. Data for each country were gathered from the valid databases, were compared according to the comparative table, and analyzed by a framework approach. In order to assure the validity of data, the researchers referred to the websites of the selected nations' Ministry of Health and also cross-checked the findings with reports published by the World Health Organization. RESULTS: In this study, we used the Control Knobs framework to compare countries' FPPs because the framework can demonstrate all necessary features of national health system programs. This framework includes governance and organization, regulation, financing, payment, and behavior in each country. The results of this study show that although the principles of FPP in the selected countries are almost common, they use different methods in FPP implementation. CONCLUSIONS: As the success of any policy depends on the political, economic, social, and cultural context of each country, considering these factors and reinforcing each of the control knobs are critical to the success of the family physician's policy implementation.

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“…The undergraduate medical education at the Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (FOM-SCU) is a student-centred, problembased and community-based six-year curriculum. The assessment process of clinical skills in the clinical clerkship years is composed of clinical exams (one long case and two short cases) and OSCE (9).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of Students, Staff and Simulated Patients towards Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)

Fouad¹,

Gouda²,

Nasser³

2019

EIMJ

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Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) has been widely used to assess the clinical performance of medical and health profession students. The literature has revealed that OSCE is an effective evaluation tool for evaluating the clinical skills of medical students. The objectives of this study were to investigate perception of the students and staff of OSCE as a clinical assessment tool during their clinical years at the Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (FOM-SCU) as well as the perception of both the staff and medical interns regarding their ethical concerns of using medical interns as simulated patients in OSCE stations. Two different questionnaires were used to explore the perception of the students and staff of OSCE; also, semi-structured interviews with the staff and medical interns as simulated patients inside active stations were conducted. The results revealed that 88% of the students agreed that OSCE should remain as a form of performance assessment, and 83% of them agreed that OSCE was a valuable practical exam and provided them a great learning experience. Approximately 80.4% of the staff emphasised that faculty members need specific training to achieve more valid and reliable results when using OSCE as an assessment tool, and 76.5% of them agreed that using OSCE reduced the bias in clinical assessment. Some medical interns agreed to act as simulated patients inside the dynamic stations instead of using real patients. The study population point of view concluded that OSCE is the most valid and reliable tool for assessing the clinical performance of students; however, it requires comprehensive planning and training with collaborative work from all the stakeholders involved in its organisation and implementation.

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Medical Education in Egypt: Historical Background, Current Status, and Challenges

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

Doctors on the move: a qualitative study on the driving factors in a group of Egyptian physicians migrating to Germany

Doctors on the move: a qualitative study on the driving factors in a group of Egyptian physicians migrating to Germany

Family physician model in the health system of selected countries: A comparative study summary

Perception of Students, Staff and Simulated Patients towards Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)

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