Mediators and pharmacology of visceral sensitivity: From basic to clinical investigations

Buéno, Lionel; Fioramonti, Jean; Delvaux, Michel; Frexinos, Jacques

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70056-8

Cited by 245 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…30 Mast cell mediators such as tryptase and histamine are known to activate enteric neurons leading to abnormal secretomotor function and visceral hypersensitivity. 46,47 Conversely, substance P in low concentrations has been shown to alter mast cell excitability and can directly modulate mast cell function following release from nerves. 48 The cause of mast cell infiltration and degranulation in IBS remains uncertain, but past episodes of infectious enteritis, 7,11 undiagnosed food allergies 49 and stress 50 may contribute.…”

Section: Morphologic Changes and Pathophysiology Of Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological alterations in irritable bowel syndrome

Kirsch

Riddell

2006

Modern Pathology

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Irritable bowel syndrome is a common disorder defined by a symptom complex including abdominal pain and altered bowel habit. The etiopathogenesis appears to be multifactorial and to involve altered gastrointestinal motor function, enhanced perception of visceral stimuli and psychosocial factors. More recently a role for mucosal immune activation has been suggested. Routine histologic examination reveals no mucosal abnormality in the majority of cases but quantitative histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses reveal subtle morphologic changes involving lymphocytes, mast cells, enterochromaffin cells and enteric nerves. The recent appreciation of these changes has led to new hypotheses linking central and enteric nervous systems to immune processes. This review highlights the spectrum of morphologic changes that occur in irritable bowel syndrome, examines their relationship to the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome and considers their relevance to daily pathology practice.

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Section: Morphologic Changes and Pathophysiology Of Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological alterations in irritable bowel syndrome

Kirsch

Riddell

2006

Modern Pathology

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“…15,16 These mediators can activate sensory nerves, including those innervating the gastrointestinal tract, leading to visceral hyperalgesia/ allodynia. 11,12,17,18 We have recently demonstrated a marked increase in colonic mucosal area occupied by mast cells in IBS patients compared to healthy subjects. Mast cells in IBS patients were frequently degranulated, and there was increased spontaneous release of histamine and tryptase.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mast Cell-Dependent Excitation of Visceral-Nociceptive Sensory Neurons in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

et al. 2007

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Background & Aims:Intestinal mast cell infiltration may participate to abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We assessed the effect of mast cell mediators released from the colonic mucosa of IBS patients on the activation of rat sensory neurons in vitro. Methods: Colonic mast cell infiltration and mediator release were assessed with quantitative immunoflorescence and immunoenzymatic assays. The effect of mucosal mediators was tested on mesenteric sensory nerve firing and Ca 2؉ mobilization in dorsal root ganglia in rats. Results: Mediators from IBS patients, but not controls, markedly enhanced the firing of mesenteric nerves (14.7 ؎ 3.2 imp/sec vs 2.8 ؎ 1.5 imp/sec; P < .05) and stimulated mobilization of Ca 2؉ in dorsal root ganglia neurons (29% ؎ 4% vs 11% ؎ 4%; P < .05). On average, 64% of dorsal root ganglia responsive to mediators were capsaicin-sensitive, known to mediate nociception. Histamine and tryptase were mainly localized to mucosal mast cells. IBS-dependent nerve firing and Ca 2؉ mobilization were correlated with the area of the colonic lamina propria occupied by mast cells (r ‫؍‬ 0.74; P < .01, and r ‫؍‬ 0.78; P < .01, respectively). IBS-dependent excitation of dorsal root ganglia was inhibited by histamine H 1 receptor blockade and serine protease inactivation (inhibition of 51.7%; P < .05 and 74.5%; P < .05; respectively). Conclusions: Mucosal mast cell mediators from IBS patients excite rat nociceptive visceral sensory nerves. These results provide new insights into the mechanism underlying visceral hypersensitivity in IBS.

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“…Os bloqueadores do canal de cálcio não seletivos, como o diltiazen e a nifedipina, agem sobre o cólon, mas os seus efeitos sistêmicos restringem o uso na SII (BUÉNO et al, 1997).…”

Section: Inervações Extrínsecas Do Sistema Digestório E Atuação Da Seunclassified

O Eixo Intestino-Cérebro E O Papel Da Serotonina

Vedovato¹,

Trevizan²,

Zucoloto³

et al. 2015

Arq. Ciênc. Saúde Unipar

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VEDOVATO, K.; TREVIZAN, A. R.; ZUCOLOTO, C. N.; BERNARDI, M. D. L.; ZANONI, J. N.; MARTINS, J. V. C. P. O eixo intestinocérebro e o papel da serotonina. Arq. Ciênc. Saúde Unipar, Umuarama, v. 18 n. 1, p. 33-42, jan./abr. 2014 RESUMO: Este trabalho teve por finalidade buscar informações na literatura que descrevam a interação entre o sistema nervoso central (SNC) e sistema nervoso entérico (SNE), e que demonstrem de que forma a serotonina pode atuar no "eixo intestino-cérebro". A serotonina (5-hidroxitriptamina, 5-HT) originalmente descoberta em 1937 por Vittorio Erspamer é uma indolamina, encontrada em células do trato gastrointestinal, plaquetas e no sistema nervoso central de mamíferos, sendo que cerca de 95% da 5-HT corpórea é produzida no intestino. De acordo com a literatura o trato gastrointestinal é inervado por cinco diferentes classes de neurônios: neurônios entéricos, aferentes vagal, aferentes da coluna vertebral, eferentes parassimpáticos e eferentes simpáticos. Os alvos primários da 5-HT que é secretado pelas células enteroendócrinas são as projeções intrínsecas constituída por neurônios aferentes primários da mucosa e plexo mientérico, e projeções extrínsecas, constituída por nervos que transmitem sensações gerais além de náuseas e desconforto para o sistema nervoso central. Após os dados compilados da literatura fica claro que o SNE desempenha papel singular, podendo agir de maneira independente, mas também mantém sinapses com o SNC, por meio do nervo vago. Dessa forma, ambos os sistemas podem influenciar a atividade um do outro mediante o "eixo intestino-cérebro". Adicionalmente a 5-HT apresenta-se como um importante neurotransmissor envolvido na interação entre o SNE o SNC, importante na regulação da sensação de motilidade e secreção intestinal e também atua na ativação e condução da informação ao SNC. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sistema nervoso entérico; Sistema nervoso central; Intestino; Serotonina. THE BRAIN-INTESTINE AXIS AND THE ROLE OF SEROTONINABSTRACT: This paper aims to seek literature information describing the interaction between the central and enteric nervous system, and to demonstrate how serotonin may be acting on the "brain-intestine axis." Serotonin, originally discovered in 1937 by Vittorio Erspamer, is an indoleamine found in cells in the gastrointestinal tract, platelets and in the central nervous system of mammals, with approximately 95% of body 5-HT produced in the intestine. According to literature, the gastrointestinal tract is innervated by five different neuron classes: enteric neurons, vagal afferent, spinal afferent, parasympathetic efferent, and sympathetic efferent. The primary targets of serotonin secreted by entero-endocrine cells are the intrinsic projections composed by primary afferent neurons of the mucosa and myenteric plexus, and extrinsic projections, consisting of nerves that send general sensations as well as nausea and general discomfort to the central nervous system. After the data were compiled from the literature, it is clear that the enteric nervous system p...

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Mediators and pharmacology of visceral sensitivity: From basic to clinical investigations

Cited by 245 publications

References 21 publications

Histopathological alterations in irritable bowel syndrome

Histopathological alterations in irritable bowel syndrome

Mast Cell-Dependent Excitation of Visceral-Nociceptive Sensory Neurons in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

O Eixo Intestino-Cérebro E O Papel Da Serotonina

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