Mediational mechanisms involved in the relation between attachment insecurity and depression: A meta-analysis

Cortés‐García, Laura; Takkouche, Bahi; Rodríguez‐Cano, Rubén; Senra, Carmen

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.082

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…With the second hypothesis, we assumed that individuals with MDD would report more insecure attachment styles as compared to the secure/close attachment style, and again, the data confirmed this. Accordingly, the pattern of results replicates previous results [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. In our opinion, the novelty of the study is that we gathered data from 300 individuals with MDD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…As a comparison, Fuhr et al [ 20 ] assessed 122 individuals with remitted MDD and remitted bipolar disorders; Picardi et al [ 19 ] assessed 21 individuals with MDD and with bipolar disorders. The number of participants mentioned in the meta-analysis of Cortés-Garcia et al [ 21 ] ranged from 52 to 2244, up to 7290 participants; however, such studies with a high sample size collected data exclusively from self-rating questionnaires, without providing a thorough clinical and expert-based assessment. As such, we claim that the present sample size is large, particularly when taking into consideration that trained and experienced psychiatrists and psychologists thoroughly interviewed and diagnosed all participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It follows that such individuals would have a higher risk of reporting mental distress, loneliness, and depression [ 18 ]. Furthermore, two recent studies [ 19 , 20 ] and two meta-analyses and systematic reviews [ 21 , 22 ] showed that the adult insecure attachment style was associated with a higher risk of MDD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we assumed that compared to the general population [ 24 ], individuals with MDD reported higher prevalence rates of insecure attachment styles. Second, following others [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], we assumed that individuals with MDD would report higher prevalence rates of insecure attachment styles as compared to a secure attachment style. Third, following previous research [ 31 , 32 ], we assumed that symptoms of dissociation would be associated with a higher prevalence of traumatic events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder Report High Scores of Insecure-Avoidant and Insecure-Anxious Attachment Styles, Dissociative Identity Symptoms, and Adult Traumatic Events

et al. 2021

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Objective: Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) report more issues in social interaction compared to the general population. Moreover, dimensions of dissociation are considered dysfunctional strategies to cope with adverse life events. In this regard, current symptoms of MDD could be associated with traumatic events that occurred in childhood and in adult life. Given this background, the aim of the present study was to explore the associations between attachment styles as a proxy of quality of social interaction, dimensions of dissociation, and childhood and adult traumatic life events among individuals with MDD. Method: A total of 300 individuals with MDD (mean age: 31.31 years; 58.7% female) took part in this study. They completed a series of questionnaires on sociodemographic information, attachment styles, dimensions of dissociation, and childhood and adult traumatic life events. Results: Prevalence rates for attachment styles were as follows: anxious/ambivalent attachment style—71.7%; avoidant/dependent attachment style—13%; secure/close attachment style—15.3%. Compared to the general population, the participants reported higher prevalence rates of insecure attachment styles. Current symptoms of dissociation were associated with adult but not childhood traumatic life events. An anxious attachment style was associated with higher scores of dissociation. Conclusion: Psychotherapeutic treatment of individuals with MDD should consider the individuals’ challenging attachment styles and their risk of dissociation. While it is important to consider both adult and childhood traumatic events, in this research, more recent trauma occurring in adulthood was associated with current symptoms of dissociation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder Report High Scores of Insecure-Avoidant and Insecure-Anxious Attachment Styles, Dissociative Identity Symptoms, and Adult Traumatic Events

et al. 2021

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“…Studies have shown that adolescents with insecure attachment had more depressive symptoms ( Agerup et al, 2015 ; Rawatlal et al, 2015 ; Cortés-García et al, 2019 ). In addition, the relationship between insecure attachment and depression was mediated by cognitive-emotional factors, such as brooding rumination, self-criticism, and low self-compassion ( Cortés-García et al, 2020 ). Conversely, adolescents with secure attachment develop emotion regulation abilities in challenging situations through repeated positive interactions with their parents, who encourage adolescents to manage negative emotions and communicate openly about their emotional state to their parents so that they can provide timely support to their child ( Parrigon et al, 2015 ; Allen and Tan, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent-Adolescent Communication and Early Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: The Roles of Gender and Adolescents’ Age

et al. 2021

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Positive parent-adolescent communication has been found to be negatively related to adolescent depressive symptoms; however, few studies have investigated the moderating effects of adolescent gender and age on this relationship, especially during early adolescence in China. The present study investigated the joint moderating effects of adolescent gender and age on the linkage of father-adolescent and mother-adolescent communication with adolescents’ depressive symptoms. A total of 11,455 Chinese junior high school students (Mage = 14.15 years, SD = 1.22 years; 49.86% boys; Ngrade7 = 5712, Ngrade9 = 5743) completed ad hoc questionnaires of parent-adolescent communication and depressive symptoms. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Results indicated that gender and age jointly moderated the association between parental communication and adolescent depressive symptoms. Specifically, for girls, the negative effects of both father-adolescent and mother-adolescent communication on depressive symptoms were stronger in 9th grade students than in 7th grade students, while for boys, the negative effects were not different between 7th grade students and 9th grade students. These findings suggest that in China, the protective effects of positive parent-adolescent communication on adolescents’ depressive symptoms may be most salient among senior-grade girls in junior high school.

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The effect of parenting behaviours on adolescents’ rumination: a systematic review of longitudinal studies

Castro,

Pinto,

Morais

et al. 2023

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Rumination is an emotional regulation mechanism strongly associated with the development and maintenance of internalising psychopathology in adolescence and adulthood. Parenting behaviours (PBs) play a pivotal role in the development of rumination in children and adolescents. Nonetheless, the specific PBs that can either protect against or increase the risk of rumination development remain poorly understood. This systematic review aimed to explore the (1) temporal associations between PBs and adolescents’ rumination and (2) potential moderators influencing these associations. We conducted a comprehensive search across Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Academic Search Complete and Eric databases, adhering to PRISMA reporting guidelines. Out of 1,868 abstracts screened, 182 articles underwent full-text examination, with nine meeting the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Overall, the studies indicated that PBs characterised by criticism, rejection and control were positively associated with the development of rumination in adolescents, whilst PBs marked by authoritative practises exhibited a negative association with rumination. Gender, temperament, environmental sensitivity and pubertal timing emerged as significant moderators in the effects of PBs on rumination. However, conclusions were limited due to the studies’ methodological heterogeneity. Future studies on PBs and rumination should address various dimensions of PBs and different moderators to identify factors that can modify the development of rumination across adolescence. Findings may inform family-based prevention programmes to promote emotion regulation in adolescents as a protective factor against internalising psychopathology across adulthood.

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Mediational mechanisms involved in the relation between attachment insecurity and depression: A meta-analysis

Cited by 29 publications

References 131 publications

Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder Report High Scores of Insecure-Avoidant and Insecure-Anxious Attachment Styles, Dissociative Identity Symptoms, and Adult Traumatic Events

Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder Report High Scores of Insecure-Avoidant and Insecure-Anxious Attachment Styles, Dissociative Identity Symptoms, and Adult Traumatic Events

Parent-Adolescent Communication and Early Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: The Roles of Gender and Adolescents’ Age

The effect of parenting behaviours on adolescents’ rumination: a systematic review of longitudinal studies

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