Mediation Role of Recreational Physical Activity in the Relationship between the Dietary Intake of Live Microbes and the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

The main topic of this research is the relationship between dietary intake of live microbe-containing (LMC) foods, recreational physical activity (RPA), and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). This study presented a cohort of 26,254 individuals in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), representing an estimated weighted population of 193,637,615 in the United States. Weighted multivariable linear regression models were used in consideration of the multi-stage sampling design. Results: The study found that medium-LMC foods were negatively associated with the SII [β (95% CI): −4.807 (−7.752, −1.862), p = 0.002], indicating that their intake was correlated with lower levels of the SII. However, no significant associations were found with low- or high-LMC foods. The study also explored the relationship between RPA and the SII, finding that more time spent in RPA was negatively associated with the SII [β (95% CI): −0.022 (−0.034, −0.011), p < 0.001]. A mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the role of RPA in the relationship between medium-LMC food intake and the SII. The analysis revealed that RPA had a notable indirect effect, contributing to 6.7% of the overall change in the SII. Overall, this study suggests that medium-LMC food intake and RPA may have beneficial effects on systemic immune inflammation.

Associations of lifestyle characteristics with circulating immune markers in the general population based on NHANES 1999 to 2014

“…The previous studies found that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, but not sedentary behavior, were independently related to reduced odds of elevated CRP 45 , 46 , which was consistent with results in the current study. In addition, more time spent in recreational physical activity was found to be negatively associated with the SII in the NHANES cohort of 26,254 participants 47 . In a randomized controlled trial, patients with childhood cancer undergoing treatment who received 6–8 weeks of supervised exercise intervention had significantly lower SII compared to controls 48 .…”

Determinants of Residual Dizziness in BPPV Patients After Effective Repositioning Maneuvers: The Mediating Role of Blood Lipid Levels in a Single-Center Analysis

“…In BPPV, the detachment and displacement of otoliths can mechanically stimulate the semicircular canal's ampullary ridge, leading to vertigo (23,24). Regarding the potential mechanisms, some researchers believe that dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS) increases the excitability of the trigeminal caudate nucleus, solitary tract nucleus, and vestibular nucleus, resulting in vertigo (25,26).…”

Exploring the potential relationship between short sleep risks and cognitive function from the perspective of inflammatory biomarkers and cellular pathways: Insights from population‐based and mice studies

“…The computation of the SII level hinges upon the following formula: (platelet count × neutrophils count)/lymphocytes count. 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 Referring to previous literature, 36 SII was set as a categorical variable according to the mean value.…”