Mediastinal tumors of peripheral nerve origin (so-called neurogenic tumors)

Abstract

The mediastinum can be the site of origin of a variety of benign and malignant tumors of peripheral nerve sheath origin. Although schwannoma is one of the most common tumors found in the posterior mediastinum, peripheral nerve sheath tumors are reported in all compartments of the mediastinum. The majority of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in the mediastinum as in other anatomic sites occur sporadically, and a subset of them, most notably neurofibromas, and to a lesser extent, schwannomas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, occur in patients with syndromes such as neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). In this review, the characteristics of mediastinal nerve sheath tumors along with the histologic differential diagnosis are summarized. Primary emphasis is placed upon the use of morphologic criteria for establishing a definitive diagnosis with reference to photomicrographs to illustrate the classic and sometimes unusual features of this varied group of tumors. The judicious application of ancillary testing, most frequently immunohistochemistry, for separating peripheral nerve sheath tumors from each other and from their morphologic mimics is reviewed. Included in the review are the clinicopathologic features, clinical management and prognostic implications of benign and malignant mediastinal peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

Analysis of the efficacy of the da Vinci robot in surgery for posterior mediastinal neurogenic tumors

“…2 First Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China. 3 Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai South Road, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.…”

“…Neurogenic tumors of the posterior mediastinum are one of the most common mediastinal tumors in adults, accounting for over 75% of posterior mediastinal tumors and 10–34% of all mediastinal tumors [ 1 , 2 ]. The disease is mostly young and middle-aged patients, and 90% of patients are benign lesions [ 3 ]. At present, the specific causes of the diseased neurological tumors clinically have not completely studied thoroughly[ 3 ].…”

“…The disease is mostly young and middle-aged patients, and 90% of patients are benign lesions [ 3 ]. At present, the specific causes of the diseased neurological tumors clinically have not completely studied thoroughly[ 3 ]. Traditional open thoracotomy for mediastinal tumors uses a posterior lateral chest incision to remove the ribs or enter the chest through the rib cage, which is a long and damaging incision [ 4 ].…”

Analysis of the efficacy of the da Vinci robot in surgery for posterior mediastinal neurogenic tumors

“…Neurogenic tumours of the posterior mediastinum are one of the most common mediastinal tumours in adults, accounting for over 75% of posterior mediastinal tumours and 10%-34% of all mediastinal tumours [1,2]. The disease is mostly young and middle -aged patients, and 90% of patients are benign lesions [3]. At present, the speci c causes of the diseased neurological tumors clinically have not completely studied thoroughly [3].…”

“…The disease is mostly young and middle -aged patients, and 90% of patients are benign lesions [3]. At present, the speci c causes of the diseased neurological tumors clinically have not completely studied thoroughly [3]. Traditional open thoracotomy for mediastinal tumours uses a posterior lateral chest incision to remove the ribs or enter the chest through the rib cage, which is a long and damaging incision [4].…”