Mediastinal bronchogenic cyst: prenatal sonographic diagnosis

Etiology and outcome of prenatally detected paracardial cystic lesions: a case series and review of the literature

“…Bronchogenic cysts result from abnormal budding of the ventral diverticulum of the primitive foregut32–35. On ultrasound exam they present as single unilocular, echo‐free cystic structures within lung parenchyma or within the posterior mediastinum.…”

Cervico-Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cyst Occurring in the Prenatal Period: Report of a Case

“…Most pulmonary bronchogenic cysts in older children are asymptomatic and often are found incidentally by routine chest radiographs. [4][5][6] However, neonatal or infantile mediastinal bronchogenic cysts may produce various symptoms, such as dyspnea, wheezing, or cyanosis, due to compression of the trachea 4,7 or main bronchus. 8,9 On chest radiography, a bronchogenic cyst within the mediastinum only rarely occurs, and emphysema (the air trapping of an incomplete bronchial obstruction) or atelectasis (representing a more complete obstruction) are more common findings.…”

“…Some cases of bronchogenic cysts with abnormal findings detected by prenatal sonography A histological examination showed the cystic wall to be lined by a ciliated columnar epithelium, with smooth muscle, and respiratory glands within the wall have been reported. 1,6,[10][11][12][13] The prenatal sonographic diagnosis of a bronchogenic cyst is made by identifying an anechoic or hypoechoic well-defined unilocular and rounded mass. Young et al reported that hyperechoic lung and polyhydramnios by prenatal sonography were sings of a poor prognosis.…”

“…Young et al reported that hyperechoic lung and polyhydramnios by prenatal sonography were sings of a poor prognosis. 6 They suspected that an obstruction of the left main bronchus on a bronchogenic cyst caused intrapulmonary amniotic fluid accumulation distal to the obstruction, which thus leads to a uniform hyperechoic appearance in the left lung during prenatal sonogrphy, as well as compression of the fetal esophagus due to the bronchogenic cyst, which may cause polyhydramnios. 6 The differential diagnoses of bronchogenic cyst by prenatal sonographic examination are as follows.…”

“…6 They suspected that an obstruction of the left main bronchus on a bronchogenic cyst caused intrapulmonary amniotic fluid accumulation distal to the obstruction, which thus leads to a uniform hyperechoic appearance in the left lung during prenatal sonogrphy, as well as compression of the fetal esophagus due to the bronchogenic cyst, which may cause polyhydramnios. 6 The differential diagnoses of bronchogenic cyst by prenatal sonographic examination are as follows. Enteric cysts often occur as unilocular and hypoechoic masses, but they are located in the posterior mediastinum and are commonly associated with vertebral anomalies.…”