Medial temporal atrophy but not memory deficit predicts progression to dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment

Geroldi, Cristina; Rossi, Roberta; Calvagna, Cristiana; Testa, Cristina; Bresciani, Lorenzo; Binetti, Giuliano; Zanetti, Orazio; Frisoni, Giovanni B.

doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.082651

Cited by 94 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Anyway, this is in agreement with several studies regarding the manual segmentation of hippocampus, which have reported that baseline hippocampal volume is an indicator of future progression to AD [21,[70][71][72][73]. This is also in agreement with studies based on visual rating, which clearly found MTL atrophy in patients who subsequently converted to AD [74][75][76].…”

Section: Yushkevich Et Alsupporting

confidence: 81%

Automatic Morphological Analysis of Medial Temporal Lobe

Chincarini¹,

Corosu²,

Gemme³

et al. 2010

TONMEDJ

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Abstract:Research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has seen a tremendous growth of candidate biomarkers in the last decade. The role of such established or putative biomarkers is to allow an accurate diagnosis of AD, to infer about its prognosis, to monitor disease progression and evaluate changes induced by disease-modifying drugs. An ideal biomarker should detect a specific pathophysiological feature of AD, not present in the healthy condition, in other primary dementias, or in confounding conditions. Besides being reliable, a biomarker should be detectable by means of procedures which must be relatively non-invasive, simple to perform, widely available and not too expensive. At present, no candidate meets these requirements representing the high standards aimed at by researchers. Among others, various morphological brain measures performed by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ranging from the total brain volume to some restricted regions such as the hippocampal volume, have been proposed. Nowadays the efforts are directed toward finding an automated, unsupervised method of evaluating atrophy in some specific brain region, such as the medial temporal lobe (MTL). In this work we provide an extensive review of the state of the art on the automatic and semi-automatic image processing techniques for the early assessment of patients at risk of developing AD. Our main focus is the relevance of the morphological analysis of MTL, and in particular of the hippocampal formation, in making the diagnosis of AD and in distinguishing it from other dementias.

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Section: Yushkevich Et Alsupporting

confidence: 81%

Automatic Morphological Analysis of Medial Temporal Lobe

Chincarini¹,

Corosu²,

Gemme³

et al. 2010

TONMEDJ

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“…A prospective MRI study showed that total cerebral, ventricular, and hippocampal atrophy was important for the prognosis in AD (21). Geroldi et al reported that medial temporal lobe atrophy detected by volumetric MRI was predictive for progression of dementia in MCI patients (22). Bell-McGinty et al reported that MCI patients had loss of volume of the bilateral middle temporal gyrus and hippocampus compared to a control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired cognitive performance and hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson disease

Yıldız¹,

Erer²,

Zarifoğlu³

et al. 2015

Turk J Med Sci

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Background/aim: Dementia is common in Parkinson disease (PD). Since magnetic resonance imaging has been used, hippocampal atrophy has been shown in PD patients with or without dementia. In this study we sought the correlation of cognitive decline with bilateral hippocampal volume in PD patients.Materials and methods: Thirty-three patients with diagnosis of idiopathic PD and 16 healthy subjects were included in this study. PD patients were divided into two groups as normal cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The Mini-Mental State Examination and detailed cognitive assessment tests were performed for all patients for cognitive analyses. Depression was excluded by the Geriatric Depression Scale. Results:The mean onset age of disease was 55 years for PD patients without dementia and 59 for PD patients with MCI. According to the Hoehn-Yahr scales, 24% of patients had grade 1, 58% had grade 2, and 18% had grade 3 disease. Right and left hippocampal volumes decreased along with cognitive test scores in PD patients. Increased right hippocampal volume was correlated with forward number test in the MCI-PD group. Conclusion:These findings suggest that memory deficit is associated with hippocampal atrophy in PD patients.

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“…Our inclusion and exclusion criteria for MCI were based on previous seminal studies (Albert et al, 1991;Devanand et al, 1997;Flicker et al, 1991;Petersen et al, 1995Petersen et al, , 1997Petersen et al, , 2001Portet et al, 2006;Geroldi et al, 2006). Study inclusion criteria were all of the following: (i) complaint by the patient, or report by a relative or the general practitioner, of memory or other cognitive disturbances; (ii) Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; Folstein et al, 1975) score of 24 to 27/30, or MMSE of 28 and higher plus low performance (score of 2/6 or higher) on the clock drawing test (Shulman, 2000); (iii) sparing of instrumental and basic activities of daily living, or functional impairment stably due to causes other than cognitive impairment, such as physical impairments, sensory loss, gait or balance disturbances, etc.…”

Section: Diagnostic Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular damage and EEG markers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment

Moretti

Miniussi

Frisoni

et al. 2007

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Objective: We evaluated the changes induced by cerebrovascular (CV) damage on brain rhythmicity recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) in a cohort of subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: We enrolled 99 MCI subjects (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] mean score 26.6). All subjects underwent EEG recording and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). EEGs were recorded at rest. Individual EEG frequencies were indexed by the h/a transition frequency (TF) and by the individual a frequency (IAF) with power peak in the extended a range (5-14 Hz). Relative power was separately computed for d, h, a1, a2, and a3 frequency bands on the basis of the TF and IAF values. Subsequently, we divided the cohort in four sub-groups based on subcortical CV damage as scored by the age-related white matter changes scale (ARWMC). Results: CV damage was associated with 'slowing' of TF proportional to its severity. In the spectral bandpower the severity of vascular damage was associated with increased d power and decreased a2 power. No association of vascular damage was observed with IAF and a3 power. Moreover, the h/a1 ratio could be a reliable index for the estimation of the individual extent of CV damage. Conclusions: EEG analysis may show physiological markers sensitive to CV damage. The appropriate use of this EEG index may help the differential diagnosis of different forms of cognitive decline, namely primary degenerative and secondary to CV damage. Significance: The EEG neurophysiological approach, together with anatomical features from imaging, could be helpful in the understanding of the functional substrate of dementing disorders.

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Medial temporal atrophy but not memory deficit predicts progression to dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 94 publications

References 18 publications

Automatic Morphological Analysis of Medial Temporal Lobe

Automatic Morphological Analysis of Medial Temporal Lobe

Impaired cognitive performance and hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson disease

Vascular damage and EEG markers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment

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