Medial shoe-ground pressure and specific running injuries: A 1-year prospective cohort study

Brund, René Børge Korsgaard; Rasmussen, Sten; Nielsen, Rasmus Oestergaard; Kersting, Uwe G.; Læssøe, Uffe; Voigt, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.04.001

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Some studies focused on RRIs in general [37,[39][40][41][42][43][44]46], whilst others focused on specific injuries including patellofemoral pain, iliotibial band syndrome, medial tibial stress syndrome, Achilles tendinopathy, and plantar fasciopathy [35,36,45,[47][48][49][50][51]. Generic risk factors for RRIs may exist, but findings from this review indicate that certain risk factors may be associated with specific RRIs.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A detailed description of all significant outcome measures is provided using following superscripts: a in female runners developing patellofemoral pain, b in female runners developing iliotibial band syndrome, c in a mixed-sex population of experienced runners developing patellofemoral pain, d in a mixed-sex population of crosscountry runners developing an RRI, e in a mixed-sex population of recreational runners developing Achilles tendinopathy, f in a mixedsex population of recreational runners developing an RRI, g in male novice runners developing an RRI, h in female recreational runners who required medical attention compared with female recreational runners who never sustained an RRI before, i in male and female novice runners developing an RRI, j in female recreational runners developing an RRI, k in a mixed-sex population of novice runners developing patellofemoral pain, l in a mixed-sex population of novice runners sustaining an RRI, m in a mixed-sex population of novice runners developing Achilles tendinopathy, n in male runners developing Achilles tendinopathy, plantar fasciopathy and medial tibial stress syndrome, o in a mixed-sex population of cross-country runners developing shin injury [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. MT metatarsal, RRI running-related injury, ↑ greater, ↓ smaller forefoot at forefoot flat (ES = 0.88) [47] in a mixed-sex population of novice runners, while limited evidence indicated a greater medial pressure in recreational male runners developing Achilles tendinopathy, plantar fasciopathy and medial tibial stress syndrome [48]. Limited evidence from one study indicated a more laterally directed force displacement in the initial contact phase (ES = 0.48), a more lateral directed center of force during forefoot contact phase (ES = 0.48), foot flat phase (ES = 0.37), and heel-off (ES = 0.43), while a more medial directed center of force was found during forefoot push-off phase (ES = 0.32) in a mixed-sex population of novice runners developing any RRI [46].…”

Section: Plantar Pressure Variables Inconsistent Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanical Risk Factors Associated with Running-Related Injuries: A Systematic Review

et al. 2019

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Background Running is a popular form of physical activity with many health benefits. However, the incidence and prevalence of running-related injuries (RRIs) is high. Biomechanical factors may be related to the development of RRIs. Objective This systematic review synthesizes biomechanical risk factors related to the development of RRIs in non-injured runners. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, and SPORTDiscus were searched in July 2018 for original peerreviewed prospective studies evaluating potential biomechanical factors associated with the development of RRIs. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Two reviewers independently assessed articles for inclusion and methodological quality. Due to methodological heterogeneity across studies, a narrative synthesis of findings was conducted, rather than a meta-analysis. Results Sixteen studies, including 13 of high quality and three of moderate quality, were included. A large number of biomechanical variables were evaluated, producing inconsistent evidence overall. Limited evidence indicated greater peak hip adduction in female runners developing patellofemoral pain and iliotibial band syndrome, but not for a mixed-sex population of crosscountry runners sustaining an RRI. The relationship between vertical loading rate and RRIs was inconsistent. Other kinematic, kinetic and spatiotemporal factors were only studied to a limited extent. Conclusions Current prospective evidence relating biomechanical variables to RRI risk is sparse and inconsistent, with findings largely dependent on the population and injuries being studied. Future research is needed to confirm these biomechanical risk factors and determine whether modification of these variables may assist in running injury prevention and management. Key Points Despite the common belief that biomechanical factors greatly influence running-related injury (RRI) risk, only a limited body of high-quality research, with significant heterogeneity in study populations, methodologies and outcome variables, was identified. Current prospective evidence relating biomechanical variables with the risk to sustain an RRI is inconsistent and largely dependent on the population and injuries being studied. A number of single-study findings related to kinematics, kinetics and spatiotemporal variables require confirmation via further high-quality prospective studies before clinical recommendations can be made.

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Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Plantar Pressure Variables Inconsistent Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Risk Factors Associated with Running-Related Injuries: A Systematic Review

et al. 2019

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“…200 A prospective cohort study not included in this review found that runners who displayed more medial pressure during stance phase were at risk for injury. 18…”

Section: Evidence Updatementioning

confidence: 99%

Achilles Pain, Stiffness, and Muscle Power Deficits: Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy Revision 2018

Martin¹,

Chimenti²,

Cuddeford³

et al. 2018

Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy

172

180

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The Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) has an ongoing effort to create evidence-based practice guidelines for orthopaedic physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The purpose of these revised clinical practice guidelines is to review recent peer-reviewed literature and make recommendations related to midportion Achilles tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(5):A1–A38. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.0302

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“…Between February and June 2014 99 male runners were recruited in the northern part of Denmark. A flowchart of the study setup has been reported elsewhere [28]. The runners were recruited from local sports clubs, by word of mouth in large companies, hospitals and in a university population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of running-induced Achilles tendinopathy with pain sensitivity – a 1-year prospective study

Brund

Rasmussen

Kersting

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Journal of Pain

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Abstract Background and aims Achilles tendinopathy is common among runners, but the etiology remains unclear. High mechanical pain sensitivity may be a predictor of increased risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy in this group. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether local pain sensitivity could predict the development of Achilles tendinopathy in recreational male runners. The overall hypothesis was that high pain sensitivity would be related to a higher risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy among recreational male runners. Methods Ninety-nine recreational male runners were recruited and followed prospectively for 1 year. At baseline and after 500 km of running the pressure pain threshold (PPT) was assessed at the infraspinatus and at the Achilles tendon (AT-PPT). Based on the AT-PPT at baseline, a median split was used to divide the runners into two groups. The high pain sensitivity groups was defined as runners displaying a pain pressure threshold below 441 kPa on the Achilles tendon, while the low pain sensitivity group was defined as runners displaying a pain pressure threshold above 441 kPa on the Achilles tendon, respectively. Subsequently, the cumulative risk difference between the two groups was assessed by using the pseudo-observation method. Results High pain sensitivity runners sustained 5%-point (95% CI: −0.18 to 0.08) more Achilles tendinopathy episodes during the first 1,500 km. No significant group differences in risk were found at 100, 250, 500, 1,000 and 1,500 km of running. Conclusions No significant association was found between mechanical pain sensitivity in the Achilles tendon and the risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy. However, the risk difference indicated a association between a high mechanical pain sensitivity and an increased risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy. It is plausible that changes in pain sensitivity were masked by unmeasured covariates, such as the differences in progression/regression of training volume and running speed between the two groups. This study was limited in size, which limited the possibility to account for covariates, such as differences in progression/regression of running speed between runners. With the limitations in mind, future studies should control the training volume, speed and running shoes in the design or account for it in the analysis. Implications Pain sensitivity of the Achilles tendon seems not to be related to an increased risk of developing Achilles pain in relation to running.

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Medial shoe-ground pressure and specific running injuries: A 1-year prospective cohort study

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Biomechanical Risk Factors Associated with Running-Related Injuries: A Systematic Review

Biomechanical Risk Factors Associated with Running-Related Injuries: A Systematic Review

Achilles Pain, Stiffness, and Muscle Power Deficits: Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy Revision 2018

Prediction of running-induced Achilles tendinopathy with pain sensitivity – a 1-year prospective study

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