Medial prefrontal dysfunction and prolonged amygdala response during instructed fear processing in borderline personality disorder

Kamphausen, Susanne; Schroder, Patricia J; Maier, Simon; Bader, Kerstin; Feige, Bernd; Kaller, Christoph P.; Glauche, Volkmar; Ohlendorf, Sabine; Elst, Ludger Tebartz van; Klöppel, Stefan; Jacob, Gitta; Silbersweig, David; Lieb, Klaus; Tüscher, Oliver

doi:10.3109/15622975.2012.665174

Cited by 74 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This area is interconnected with other regions, such as the DLPFC and cingulate cortex, which are involved in the emotional salience attribution and in the affective regulation by modulating Amy reactivity: the Amy projects to prefrontal areas, exciting them, which in turn regulate the Amy through a negative loop [22-25]. Moreover, previous studies confirmed an abnormal functional connectivity (FC) in this network during the processing of aversive emotional stimuli: a reduced or absent FC between PFC and Amy in patients compared to healthy controls was confirmed [26, 27], suggesting a failure of the regulatory feedback loop from the PFC to Amy in BPD. Another area related to emotional experience and widely connected with frontal and limbic regions is the cerebellum [28].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Corticolimbic Connectivity Mediates the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Symptom Severity in Borderline Personality Disorder

et al. 2017

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The interaction between biological and environmental factors (especially adverse childhood experiences, ACEs) plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of borderline personality disorder (BPD). These factors act influencing BPD core features such as pervasive instability in affect regulation, impulse control, social cognition, and interpersonal relationships. In line with this perspective, abnormalities in social cognition and related neurobiological underpinnings could mediate the relationship between ACEs and psychopathological manifestations in adulthood. In a sample of 14 females, functional connectivity (FC) analyses were performed modeling the interaction between ACEs and corticolimbic dysregulation during emotional processing and its relationship with BPD symptom severity. ACEs were associated with a dampening of the negative FC between (1) the right amygdala (Amy) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and between (2) the left Amy and bilateral DLPFC, right precuneus, left cerebellum and left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during emotional processing. The connectivity between right Amy and DLPFC mediates the relationship between childhood adversities and BPD symptomatology. Furthermore, the negative FC between Amy and DLPFC, postcentral gyrus, the vermis of cerebellum and precuneus was also associated with BPD symptom severity, with a weaker negative coupling between Amy and these regions being related to a worse BPD psychopathology. Our results confirm the role of ACEs in contributing to social cognition impairments in BPD and related symptomatology from a neurobiological perspective.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Corticolimbic Connectivity Mediates the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Symptom Severity in Borderline Personality Disorder

et al. 2017

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“…BPD patients, but not the other two groups, revealed heightened amygdala activity in response to repeated emotional stimuli. In the second study, classical conditioning was used in BPD patients and healthy controls to pair visual cues with heat pain stimuli or no aversive stimulus [67]. Afterwards, the visual cues were presented repeatedly without the aversive stimulus during fMRI scanning.…”

Section: Memorizing Emotional Information: From Learning To Forgettingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotions and Memory in Borderline Personality Disorder

Winter

Elzinga²,

Schmahl³

2013

Psychopathology

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Memory processes such as encoding, storage, and retrieval of information are influenced by emotional content. Because patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are particularly susceptible to emotional information, it is relevant to understand whether such memory processes are altered in this patient group. This systematic literature review collects current evidence on this issue. Research suggests that emotional information interferes more strongly with information processing and learning in BPD patients than in healthy controls. In general, BPD patients do not seem to differ from healthy control subjects in their ability to memorize emotional information, but they tend to have specific difficulties forgetting negative information. Also, BPD patients seem to recall autobiographical, particularly negative events with stronger arousal than healthy controls, while BPD patients also show specific temporo-prefrontal alterations in neural correlates. No substantial evidence was found that the current affective state influences learning and memory in BPD patients any differently than in healthy control subjects. In general, a depressive mood seems to both deteriorate and negatively bias information processing and memories, while there is evidence that dissociative symptoms impair learning and memory independently of stimulus valence. This review discusses methodological challenges of studies on memory and emotions in BPD and makes suggestions for future research and clinical implications.

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“…Kamphausen et al, (Kamphausen et al, 2013) explored the role of aberrant fronto-limbic circuitry in affective dysregulation in BPD, using a fear-learning paradigm. Patients with BPD and controls underwent fMRI scanning of emotion regulation networks and skin conductance response recording while presented with two coloured stimuli: one which they were instructed represented a succeeding aversive event (conditioned stimulus -unpleasant electrodermal stimulation) and the other as representing safety.…”

Section: 11neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological and behavioural studies of affective instability in clinical populations: A systematic review

Broome

Iftikhar

et al. 2015

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Medial prefrontal dysfunction and prolonged amygdala response during instructed fear processing in borderline personality disorder

Abstract: Prolonged amygdala response and a functional disconnection between ventral and dorsal mPFC regions may be part of the neural mechanisms underlying emotional dysregulation in BPD patients.

Cited by 74 publications

References 40 publications

Corticolimbic Connectivity Mediates the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Symptom Severity in Borderline Personality Disorder

Corticolimbic Connectivity Mediates the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Symptom Severity in Borderline Personality Disorder

Emotions and Memory in Borderline Personality Disorder

Neurobiological and behavioural studies of affective instability in clinical populations: A systematic review

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