Media strategies in lobbying process. A literature review on publications in 2000-2018.

Abstract

This study examines how the media and journalists are used in lobbying processes. To explore the topic a systematic review of the literature in peer-reviewed journals published between January 2000 to June 2018 was undertaken. The findings of this paper indicate that lobbyists and interest groups engage with a plethora of various strategies and systematic methods when influencing or trying to advocate the work of journalists and media organisations. The findings shed the mystery of lobbyists and interest group’s communicative attempts. This study increases the knowledge of the relationships between journalists and lobbyists in lobbying processes. Based on the literature review, the paper presents a categorised model of media influencing strategies in lobbying process.

Do communicators take over? Mediatization and conflicts in civil society

“…Mediatization is, then, understood as the processes by which organizations not only adapt to this particular logic but also internalize standards for routines, methods, media values, newsworthiness, and news presentation (Grafström, 2021; Grafström et al, 2015, p. 228). As politics has become increasingly mediatized, CSOs, like other organizations, have seen it as necessary to expand their media efforts to gain media presence (Esser & Matthes, 2013; Mykkänen & Ikonen, 2019). The mediatization of politics has in some ways given interest groups more and new opportunities to influence politics and raise public awareness through lobbying and campaign strategies (Esser & Matthes, 2013).…”

“…In this regard, when combined with other strategies, media work has three important functions: to motivate policy makers to address the chosen policy issue, to manage the ongoing lobbying process, and to strengthen relationships with policy makers (Trapp & Laursen, 2017). In practice, media strategies are many and diverse, involving, for example, monitoring, pitching, persuasion, press briefings, access, and transmission of expert information (Mykkänen & Ikonen, 2019, p. 45). To summarize, earlier research indicates that CSOs see a need to develop strategies such as strategic communication and various other specialized strategies, and that the use of such strategies is connected to institutional contexts, size of staff, financial resources, and organizational identity and culture.…”

“…Strategic communication and media work are today used by most types of interest groups to get “their” issues on the public agenda (e.g., Binderkrantz et al, 2015; Dür & Mateo, 2013; Jacobs & Glass, 2002). Media work should be seen as a key part of long‐term, well‐planned lobbying strategies rather than as a supplement to them (Mykkänen & Ikonen, 2019). In this regard, when combined with other strategies, media work has three important functions: to motivate policy makers to address the chosen policy issue, to manage the ongoing lobbying process, and to strengthen relationships with policy makers (Trapp & Laursen, 2017).…”

Ulkoinen vaikuttaminen ja sen vastakeinot suomalaisessa journalismissa

“…2020) kuin muista demokraattisista länsimaista (ks. Mykkänen & Ikonen 2019). Vaikka tällaisilla menetelmillä voidaan osoittaa olevan seurauksia journalismin sisällölle (esim.…”

An Analysis of Arguments Advanced via Twitter in an Advocacy Campaign to Promote Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems

“… 17 This regulatory divergence creates incentives for stakeholders and interest groups to influence policy using the media, including social media, to present an issue, communicate arguments and potential solutions, and mobilize support. 18 …”