Media Repertoires and News Trust During the Early Trump Administration

Who Uses Fact-Checking Sites? The Impact of Demographics, Political Antecedents, and Media Use on Fact-Checking Site Awareness, Attitudes, and Behavior

“…Following the approach of Mourão et al (2018), respondents were asked to indicate how often in the last week they had consumed content from a range of news sources (thirteen in total; range 1 = never to 5 = very often ). A factor analysis identified three patterns of news media use: mainstream/liberal (e.g., the New York Times, Washington Post , BBC, Guardian , CNN, liberal news websites, MSNBC, NPR; Cronbach’s α =.88, M = 2.01, SD = 1.05), local/some broadcast television (e.g., nightly news on CBS, ABC, and NBC, The Today Show, Good Morning America, CBS This Morning, local TV, and newspapers in one’s area; Cronbach’s α = .77, M = 2.91, SD = 1.08), and conservative (e.g., Fox News, conservative news websites, conservative talk radio; Cronbach’s α = .82, M = 1.97, SD = 1.11).…”

“…We expect frequency of visiting fact-checking sites first to be predicted by demographics and news media use (Gottfried et al 2013), given the sites’ focus on news and politics (Graves 2016). We also expect political antecedents (motivational factors) associated with news consumption (e.g., Mourão et al 2018) such as interest in politics, political efficacy, political discussion, and political ideology (liberal) to be positive predictors of frequency of visiting (see also Nyhan and Reifler 2016).…”

Effects of Incidental Brief Exposure to News on News Knowledge While Scrolling Through Videos

“…Ideology affects media choice behavior [40], [60] and political knowledge [61]. We asked seven-point Likerttype scales with "I don't know my ideology."…”

“…Diversifying media have also increased the number of accessible media. As a result, people may be exposed several times to the same news in diverse media repertoires [12], [27], [37]- [40]. Similarly, we can assume that involuntarily memorizing keywords related to political news by incidental brief exposure on ABEMA facilitates delving into political news when exposed to the news in news media.…”

Humanitarian Communication in a Post-Truth World

“…This disregard for facts is said to have contributed to a wider 'post-truth' political landscape in the USthat is, a culture in which empirical evidence plays a vastly reduced role (McIntyre, 2018). In addition, Trump's attacks on the news media have created additional confusion about which information sources can be trusted (Mourão et al, 2018), and this allows disinformation and falsehoods to flourish.…”