Media influences on male and female non-eating-disordered college students: A significant issue

Kalodner, Cynthia R.

doi:10.1080/10640269708249203

Cited by 52 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Women's magazines have been found to contain 10.5 times more advertisements and articles on weight loss then men's (Anderson & DiDomenico, 1992). Numerous studies have documented the negative psychological impact (such as higher levels of self-consciousness, higher state anxiety, and greater dissatisfaction with body) of viewing pictures of extremely thin models (e.g., Hamilton & Waller, 1993;Kalodner, 1997;Ogden & Mundray, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

When Gender Differences Surpass Cultural Differences in Personal Satisfaction with Body Shape in Israeli College Students

2005

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This study was designed to examine influences of gender and cultural background on participants' satisfaction with body-shape. Participants were Jewish and Arab university students (104 men and 96 women), who completed the Figure Rating Scale (Fallon & Rozin, 1985). Discrepancy between current and ideal figures was used to measure body satisfaction. As in the U.S., women, in comparison with men, were significantly less satisfied with their bodies. They exaggerated the magnitude of thinness that they thought men desire. In contrast with U.S. findings, there were women as well as men, who indicated dissatisfaction with their bodies because they thought they were too thin. Contrary to our predictions, cultural background did not influence body satisfaction. However, gender and age produced significant differences in ratings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

When Gender Differences Surpass Cultural Differences in Personal Satisfaction with Body Shape in Israeli College Students

2005

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“…We hypothesized that the men exposed to images of hypermesomorphic males would display lower levels of body satisfaction than would men who were not exposed to these images. The study used methodology similar to that of a previous study that had shown the adverse effects of the media on womenÕs body satisfaction (Kalodner, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The media's representation of the ideal male body: A cause for muscle dysmorphia?

Leit¹,

Gray

Pope

2002

Intl J Eating Disorders

292

180

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“…Correlational analyses have established links between media exposure to the ultrathin images of women and eating disorders (Murray, Touyz, & Beumont, 1996;Stice, Schupak-Neuberg, Shaw, & Stein, 1994). Furthermore, experimental laboratory studies have demonstrated links between exposure to skewed body images and negative self-assessments in women (Kalodner, 1997;. Some researchers have argued that the key mechanism linking exposure to thin body images and negative self-appraisals is that such exposure leads to the establishment of a "thin ideal" used in evaluating oneself (Stice, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Thick and the Thin of It: Contextual Effects in Body Perception

Wedell¹,

Santoyo²,

Pettibone³

2005

Basic and Applied Social Psychology

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This research investigated how and when exposure to different body contexts alters body ideals used in judgment. University students judged the width and pleasantness of human figures, with context manipulated by presenting mostly narrow or mostly wide forms. In Experiment 1, silhouettes were presented simultaneously on the page. In Experiment 2, figures were presented successively on a computer screen as detailed pictures. In both experiments, width ratings were consistent with A. Parducci's (1995) range-frequency theory, which predicted the same figure is judged thinner in the wide context. Pleasantness ratings were well described by an ideal-point model that used a gaussian similarity function, with the ideal shifting to a narrower width in the narrow context. The assimilative shifts in ideals with mere exposure to a small set of contextual stimuli supports the hypothesis that mass media presentations of ultrathin individuals may lead women to adopt a "thin ideal" in judging themselves and others. Although exposure to narrow or wide sets of figures had no consistent effect on measures of body satisfaction, individual differences in body satisfaction were related to ideal-point shifts. Women who were dissatisfied with their own bodies consistently used thin ideals to judge body images and were insensitive to the contextual manipulation of body image.

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Media influences on male and female non-eating-disordered college students: A significant issue

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

When Gender Differences Surpass Cultural Differences in Personal Satisfaction with Body Shape in Israeli College Students

When Gender Differences Surpass Cultural Differences in Personal Satisfaction with Body Shape in Israeli College Students

The media's representation of the ideal male body: A cause for muscle dysmorphia?

The Thick and the Thin of It: Contextual Effects in Body Perception

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