The transient receptor potential ion-channel superfamily consists of nonselective cation channels located mostly on the plasma membranes of numerous animal cell types, which are closely related to sensory information transmission (e.g., vision, pain, and temperature perception), as well as regulation of intracellular Ca 2+ balance and physiological activities of growth and development. Transient receptor potential ion channel subfamily V (TRPV) is one of the largest and most diverse subfamilies, including TRPV1-TRPV6 involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular functions. TRPV4 can be activated by various physical and chemical stimuli, such as heat, mechanical force, and phorbol ester derivatives participating in the maintenance of normal cellular functions. In recent years, the roles of TRPV4 in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration have been extensively studied. Its abnormal expression has also been closely related to the onset and progression of multiple tumors, so TRPV4 may be a target for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we focused on the latest studies concerning the role of TRPV4 in tumorigenesis and the therapeutic potential. As evidenced by the effects on cancerogenesis, TRPV4 is a potential target for anticancer therapy. Facts 1. TRPV4 is a broadly expressed, nonselective calcium permeant cation channel that perform an important role in regulating the Ca 2+ influx in the cells in which they are expressed. 2. TRPV4 is a thermosensor, activated by temperatures greater than 24-27°C, also can be activated by osmotic, mechanical, and chemical cues. 3. TRPV4 is constitutively expressed and capable of spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist stimulation, which suggests that it serves important physiological functions. Open questions 1. What is the underlying cause of TRPV4 expression levels in different types of cancer? 2. Whether it is possible to lower the toxicity and highefficiency TRPV4 inhibitors from natural products to treat various diseases? 3. How to inhibit the development of cancer by targeting TRPV4 of tumor cells without affecting the function of normal cells?