Mechanoreceptors in the Anterior Horn of the Equine Medial Meniscus: an Immunohistochemical Approach

Nemery, Elodie; Gabriel, Annick; Grulke, Sigrid; Piret, Joëlle; Toppets, Vinciane; Antoine, Nadine

doi:10.1111/ahe.12181

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Next to the comparable meniscal pathologies, structural properties also need to be comparable to that of humans for equine meniscus to serve as adequate research tissue in regenerative medicine. While the general anatomical characteristics have been described in veterinary anatomical textbooks for a long time [1,34], histological and biomechanical properties have only been characterized in the last decade [35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial Blood Supply of the Stifle Joint in Horses

Schöpper,

Egerbacher

2024

Animals

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The vascularization pattern of the equine stifle joint is insufficiently described in the literature, even though there is a growing need for knowledge of the exact blood supply, as (i) arthroscopy and endoscopic surgery techniques are increasingly performed in horses and (ii) ex vivo models of menisci need nutrient supply that mimic the in vivo situation. The aim of this study was to describe the vessels involved in the stifle joint supply and the exact branching pattern of the popliteal artery. Colored latex was injected into the arteries of nine pelvic limbs of equine cadavers (n = 6) to evaluate the occurrences, variations and approximate diameters of vessels that supplied the stifle joints. Next to a branch of the saphenous and descending genicular arteries, eleven branches of the popliteal artery could be described in horses that feed the vascular network of the stifle joint. With a focus on the blood supply of the menisci, a vascularization map was created to show the main influx to these intra-articular structures in detail. These findings are potentially of great importance to both clinicians in preparation of best-suited incisions for arthroscopy and researchers designing new approaches for meniscal studies and choosing suitable animal models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial Blood Supply of the Stifle Joint in Horses

Schöpper,

Egerbacher

2024

Animals

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“…In a recent study, Nemery et al. () identified for the first time the presence of mechanoreceptors (MCR) in equine menisci. They were found, either isolated or in clusters but always located in the vicinity of blood vessels, at the level of the cranial horn of the medial meniscus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nociceptive and sympathetic innervations in the abaxial part of the cranial horn of the equine medial meniscus: an immunohistochemical approach

et al. 2016

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In athletic horses, diseases leading to lameness are of great importance due to the loss of performance and the resultant economic concerns. Although stifle lesions are frequent in the hindlimb, due to the large size and complexity of the joint, and although meniscal tears have been identified as the most common soft tissue injuries in this joint, little is known about the mechanism that causes the painful sensation and thus the lameness. The aim of our study was to highlight any peripheral fibres involved in meniscal nociception in five macroscopically sound cranial horns of the equine medial meniscus, which has been one of the most common sites reported for equine meniscal injuries. Immunohistochemical stainings were performed using antibodies against Substance P in order to identify nociceptive fibres; against tyrosine hydroxylase for detecting postganglionic sympathetic fibres; and against glial fibrillary acidic proteins in order to identify Schwann cells. Our work highlights for the first time the presence of nociceptive and sympathetic fibres in equine menisci. They were found in the abaxial part of the cranial horn of the equine medial meniscus. This study suggests that when the abaxial part is injured, the meniscus itself could be the source of pain. These findings could provide a better understanding of the clinical presentation of horses with meniscal injury and contribute towards improving therapeutic strategies to alleviate pain in cases of equine meniscal injury.

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“…Mechanisms involved in mechanosensing and osmosensing of meniscal fibrochondrocytes are not fully understood. Nevertheless, cell substrate-mediated responses, mainly driven by calcium, have been identified in vitro ( 14 – 16 ). Meniscal cells also contribute to the joint lubrication by secreting mucoproteins into the SF ( 17 ), produced by penetration of a plasma filtrate from vascularized synovial membrane.…”

Section: Human Meniscusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathobiology of the Meniscus: A Comparison Between the Human and Dog

Krupková¹,

Smolders²,

Wuertz‐Kozak

et al. 2018

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Serious knee pain and related disability have an annual prevalence of approximately 25% on those over the age of 55 years. As curative treatments for the common knee problems are not available to date, knee pathologies typically progress and often lead to osteoarthritis (OA). While the roles that the meniscus plays in knee biomechanics are well characterized, biological mechanisms underlying meniscus pathophysiology and roles in knee pain and OA progression are not fully clear. Experimental treatments for knee disorders that are successful in animal models often produce unsatisfactory results in humans due to species differences or the inability to fully replicate disease progression in experimental animals. The use of animals with spontaneous knee pathologies, such as dogs, can significantly help addressing this issue. As microscopic and macroscopic anatomy of the canine and human menisci are similar, spontaneous meniscal pathologies in canine patients are thought to be highly relevant for translational medicine. However, it is not clear whether the biomolecular mechanisms of pain, degradation of extracellular matrix, and inflammatory responses are species dependent. The aims of this review are (1) to provide an overview of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the human and canine meniscus, (2) to compare the known signaling pathways involved in spontaneous meniscus pathology between both species, and (3) to assess the relevance of dogs with spontaneous meniscal pathology as a translational model. Understanding these mechanisms in human and canine meniscus can help to advance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for painful knee disorders and improve clinical decision making.

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Mechanoreceptors in the Anterior Horn of the Equine Medial Meniscus: an Immunohistochemical Approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Arterial Blood Supply of the Stifle Joint in Horses

Arterial Blood Supply of the Stifle Joint in Horses

Nociceptive and sympathetic innervations in the abaxial part of the cranial horn of the equine medial meniscus: an immunohistochemical approach

The Pathobiology of the Meniscus: A Comparison Between the Human and Dog

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