Mechanochemistry for Organic Chemists: An Update

Tan, Davin; Friščić, Tomislav

doi:10.1002/ejoc.201700961

Cited by 277 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 308 publications

(240 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

152

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mechanochemical synthesis is of increasing interest because of the high yields and conversion rates, the easy handling, the small amount of used solvents and produced waste, and the good energy consumption, which make this method a part of green chemistry . Nowadays, many reactions are known, such as the formation of alloys, cocrystals, and metal–organic coordination compounds, and even C−C coupling reactions . Mechanochemistry can provide products that are not accessible from solution‐based methods or that are very complex to obtain .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Mechanochemical Synthesis and Structural Evolution of Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Guanidinium Lead(II) Iodides

Wilke

Casati

2018

Chemistry A European J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The in situ investigations of the mechanochemical synthesis of four hybrid organic-inorganic lead(II) iodides with the formula (C(NH ) ) PbI (n=1, 2, 3, and 4) are presented. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction data show that the four guanidinium lead(II) iodides easily convert into each other. Although the end product is dictated by the initial stoichiometry, complex pathways were found with different behaviors of the compounds in terms of nucleation, growth, and intermediate formation. This appears to be linked to the respective structural features of the different compounds, especially the connectivity of the inorganic framework and the strength of ionic interactions. High-temperature studies were conducted on compounds 1, 3, and 4 to reveal the new phases 1-II, 3-II, and 3-III. Unknown structures were solved from single-crystal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Mechanochemical Synthesis and Structural Evolution of Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Guanidinium Lead(II) Iodides

Wilke

Casati

2018

Chemistry A European J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This has historically involved use in mineral processing, but is becoming increasingly common in the fine chemicals and pharmaceutical industries [1]. Mechanochemical methods have been used in the synthesis and preparation of a broad range of molecules and materials [2][3][4][5]. Many examples are now available where mechanical treatment has been shown to be a method providing access to novel molecular materials or has been used to enhance the selectivity and the rates of product formation [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ball mass on the mechanochemical transformation of a single-component organic system: anhydrous caffeine

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTARCTMechanochemical methodologies, particularly ball milling, have become commonplace in many laboratories. In the present work, we examine the effects of milling ball mass on the polymorphic conversion of anhydrous caffeine. By investigating a single-phase system, the rate-limiting step of particle-particle contact formation is eliminated. It is found that larger milling balls lead to considerably faster conversion rates. Modelling of the transformation rate suggests that a single, time-independent rate constant is insufficient to describe the transformation. Instead, a convolution of at least two rate-determining processes is required to correctly describe the transformation. This suggests that the early stages of the transformation are governed only by the number of particle-ball collisions. As the reaction proceeds, these collisions less frequently involve reactant, and the rate becomes limited by mass transport, or mixing, even in originally single-phase systems, which become multi-phase as the product is formed. Larger milling balls are less hindered by poorly mixed material. This likely results from a combination of higher impact energies and higher surface areas associated with the larger milling balls. Such insight is important for the selective and targeted design of mechanochemical processes.

show abstract

“…[4,5,[9][10][11][12] There are numerous reports on mechanochemical syntheses (stoichiometric and catalytic), which work already efficiently in solution and where mechanochemistry does not introduce a significant "synthetic" benefit, apart from avoiding the solvent. Useful summaries can be found in recent reviews.…”

Section: Mechanochemistry In Organic Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Synthesis without Conventional Solvents

Obst

König

2018

Eur J Org Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organic synthesis without an organic solvent is still the exception. In this microreview, we discuss and compare different synthetic methods that proceed in the absence of conventional organic solvents. This includes solvent‐free methods in solids (mechanochemistry and solid‐state photochemistry), and in neat liquids (thermal and photocatalytic), as well as the application of unconventional solvents, such as ionic liquids and deep‐eutectic solvents. The different approaches are briefly introduced and examples illustrate their specific advantages, followed by a critical discussion of their limitations. Some methods have the intrinsic benefits of solvent‐free operation, such as avoiding solubility problems and side‐reactions with the solvent. However, every method has specific advantages and the demand of the synthetic application is crucial for selecting the best technique.

show abstract

Mechanochemistry for Organic Chemists: An Update

Abstract: Abstract:We provide a brief overview of recent advances in the use of mechanochemical techniques for the synthesis of organic molecules and materials, highlighting selected examples of mechanochemical organic transformations and mecha-

Cited by 277 publications

References 308 publications

Insight into the Mechanochemical Synthesis and Structural Evolution of Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Guanidinium Lead(II) Iodides

Insight into the Mechanochemical Synthesis and Structural Evolution of Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Guanidinium Lead(II) Iodides

The effect of ball mass on the mechanochemical transformation of a single-component organic system: anhydrous caffeine

Organic Synthesis without Conventional Solvents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About