Mechanochemical reduction of manganese dioxide by grinding in organic vapors

Abe, Osami; Sano, Toshiyuki

doi:10.2109/jcersj2.117.999

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Whereas mechanochemically activated reactions in the presence of organic vapours, such as accelerated ageing and vapour-assisted tumbling have attracted considerable attention in the context of softer metal–organic (e.g., MOFs) and organic (e.g., cocrystals, organic reactions) materials [ 173 ], organic vapours can also be used to induce transformations of high-melting organic oxides. An example is the route for mechanochemical reduction of metal oxides described by Abe and Sano [ 174 ], who conducted a systematic exploration of the structural and chemical transformations of MnO 2 upon milling in the presence of organic vapours. In particular, milling of MnO 2 in an inert gas atmosphere which also contained acetone, ethylmethyl ketone, diethylketone, methanol, or ethanol was found to lead to the appearance of manganese(II) oxide, Mn 2 O 3 .…”

Section: Mixed Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shaking Things from the Ground-Up: A Systematic Overview of the Mechanochemistry of Hard and High-Melting Inorganic Materials

Auvray

Friščić

2023

Molecules

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We provide a systematic overview of the mechanochemical reactions of inorganic solids, notably simple binary compounds, such as oxides, nitrides, carbides, sulphides, phosphides, hydrides, borides, borane derivatives, and related systems. Whereas the solid state has been traditionally considered to be of little synthetic value by the broader community of synthetic chemists, the solid-state community, and in particular researchers focusing on the reactions of inorganic materials, have thrived in building a rich and dynamic research field based on mechanically-driven transformations of inorganic substances typically seen as inert and high-melting. This review provides an insight into the chemical richness of such mechanochemical reactions and, at the same time, offers their tentative categorisation based on transformation type, resulting in seven distinct groupings: (i) the formation of adducts, (ii) the reactions of dehydration; (iii) oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions; (iv) metathesis (or exchange) reactions; (v) doping and structural rearrangements, including reactions involving the reaction vessel (the milling jar); (vi) acid–base reactions, and (vii) other, mixed type reactions. At the same time, we offer a parallel description of inorganic mechanochemical reactions depending on the reaction conditions, as those that: (i) take place under mild conditions (e.g., manual grinding using a mortar and a pestle); (ii) proceed gradually under mechanical milling; (iii) are self-sustained and initiated by mechanical milling, i.e., mechanically induced self-propagating reactions (MSRs); and (iv) proceed only via harsh grinding and are a result of chemical reactivity under strongly non-equilibrium conditions. By elaborating on typical examples and general principles in the mechanochemistry of hard and high-melting substances, this review provides a suitable complement to the existing literature, focusing on the properties and mechanochemical reactions of inorganic solids, such as nanomaterials and catalysts.

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Section: Mixed Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shaking Things from the Ground-Up: A Systematic Overview of the Mechanochemistry of Hard and High-Melting Inorganic Materials

Auvray

Friščić

2023

Molecules

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“…In the present paper, solvothermal (ST) post treatment is applied to the mechanochemical (MC) product to promote the chemical reduction of Mn 4+ ions and the related promotion of nucleation. It is already reported that MnO2 is chemically reduced in an acetone vapor according to the reaction 16MnO2 + (CH3)2CO = 8Mn2O3 + 3CO2 + 3H2O during grinding [4]. This solid-gas reaction should be promoted by the solvothermal treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mechanochemical/Solvothermal Synthesis of LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as a Cathode Material for Rechargeable Batteries

Abe

Satô

Mitachi

et al. 2014

KEM

Self Cite

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Highly-crystallized fine LiMn2O4 powders have been synthesized by a combination of the mechanochemical (MC) and solvothermal (ST) treatments of LiOH and MnO2 in Acetone. The MC product is amorphous, but, shows the formation of Mn-O-Li bond. The ST post treatment promotes the nucleation of LiMn2O4 by the chemical reduction of Mn4+ to Mn3+. The estimated chemical compositions are LiMn (III)0.11Mn (IV)1.89O4.45 (MC) and LiMn (III)0.76Mn (IV)1.12O3.88 (MC/ST). The MC/ST powder crystallized at 800°C indicates the cell capacity of 119mA.h.g-1. The dilution of Acetone with Tetrahydrofuran is effective to reduce the particle size. The MC/ST product using the diluent shows the fine particle size of 150nm and the excellent cell capacity of 134mA.h.g-1.

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Mechanochemistry of the 5f-elements compounds. 5. Influence of the reaction medium on the mechanochemically induced reduction of U3O8

Kovacheva

Todorovsky

Radev

2010

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Mechanochemical reduction of manganese dioxide by grinding in organic vapors

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Shaking Things from the Ground-Up: A Systematic Overview of the Mechanochemistry of Hard and High-Melting Inorganic Materials

Shaking Things from the Ground-Up: A Systematic Overview of the Mechanochemistry of Hard and High-Melting Inorganic Materials

Mechanochemical/Solvothermal Synthesis of LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as a Cathode Material for Rechargeable Batteries

Mechanochemistry of the 5f-elements compounds. 5. Influence of the reaction medium on the mechanochemically induced reduction of U3O8

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