Mechanobiology of the brain in ageing and Alzheimer's disease

Hall, Chloe M.; Moeendarbary, Emad; Sheridan, Graham K.

doi:10.1111/ejn.14766

Cited by 76 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 286 publications

(377 reference statements)

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“…Although strain elsewhere is correlated to tissue elasticity [50], we discourage interpreting our obtained strain values in this way because such interpretation would need data of applied forces (and/or their distribution) and, while comparing strain values from different studies, a compatibility of methodologies should be taken into account. The quantitative methods (including MRI) on the same brain structures still report different stiffness values due to unstandardized experimental protocols [15,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonic Assessment of the Medial Temporal Lobe Tissue Displacements in Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2020

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We aim to estimate brain tissue displacements in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) using backscattered ultrasound radiofrequency (US RF) signals, and to assess the diagnostic ability of brain tissue displacement parameters for the differentiation of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from healthy controls (HC). Standard neuropsychological evaluation and transcranial sonography (TCS) for endogenous brain tissue motion data collection are performed for 20 patients with AD and for 20 age- and sex-matched HC in a prospective manner. Essential modifications of our previous method in US waveform parametrization, raising the confidence of micrometer-range displacement signals in the presence of noise, are done. Four logistic regression models are constructed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses are applied. All models have cut-offs from 61.0 to 68.5% and separate AD patients from HC with a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 100%. The area under a ROC curve of predicted probability in all models is excellent (from 95.2 to 95.7%). According to our models, AD patients can be differentiated from HC by a sharper morphology of some individual MTL spatial point displacements (i.e., by spreading the spectrum of displacements to the high-end frequencies with higher variability across spatial points within a region), by lower displacement amplitude differences between adjacent spatial points (i.e., lower strain), and by a higher interaction of these attributes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small tissue deformations caused by endogenous intracranial pulsatility were used for strain elastography derived from US data as well [14]. Ultrasound elastography in cerebral applications still are rarely researched [15,16]. Elastographic techniques can be broadly classified based on the mechanical stimuli [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Assessment of the Medial Temporal Lobe Tissue Displacements in Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2020

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“…Interstitial ECM also consists of fibronectin, elastin, entactin [ 207 ], matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) capable of remodeling the ECM, [ 208 ] and serine proteases [ 209 ]. The absence of a collagen component to reinforce this network results in a low stiffness of 1–3kPa [ 210 , 211 ], which is important in glial migration as well as neuronal projections. Stiffness of interstitial ECM has been shown to increase in pathological processes including traumatic brain injury [ 212 ] and neurodegenerative diseases [ 213 ].…”

Section: Decision Workflow: Factors To Consider When Selecting a Model Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Design Considerations for Brain-on-a-Chip Models

et al. 2021

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In recent years, the need for sophisticated human in vitro models for integrative biology has motivated the development of organ-on-a-chip platforms. Organ-on-a-chip devices are engineered to mimic the mechanical, biochemical and physiological properties of human organs; however, there are many important considerations when selecting or designing an appropriate device for investigating a specific scientific question. Building microfluidic Brain-on-a-Chip (BoC) models from the ground-up will allow for research questions to be answered more thoroughly in the brain research field, but the design of these devices requires several choices to be made throughout the design development phase. These considerations include the cell types, extracellular matrix (ECM) material(s), and perfusion/flow considerations. Choices made early in the design cycle will dictate the limitations of the device and influence the end-point results such as the permeability of the endothelial cell monolayer, and the expression of cell type-specific markers. To better understand why the engineering aspects of a microfluidic BoC need to be influenced by the desired biological environment, recent progress in microfluidic BoC technology is compared. This review focuses on perfusable blood–brain barrier (BBB) and neurovascular unit (NVU) models with discussions about the chip architecture, the ECM used, and how they relate to the in vivo human brain. With increased knowledge on how to make informed choices when selecting or designing BoC models, the scientific community will benefit from shorter development phases and platforms curated for their application.

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“…2019) that may result in the attenuation of important mechanosensitive cues needed for proper synaptic functioning (Hall et al . 2020). While chronic reductions in cerebral viscoelastic properties reflect neurodegeneration and alterations in the distribution and organization of neurons, axons and glial cells, short‐term changes to brain tissue viscoelastic properties may temporarily impact neurocognitive function (Hall et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…While chronic reductions in cerebral viscoelastic properties reflect neurodegeneration and alterations in the distribution and organization of neurons, axons and glial cells, short‐term changes to brain tissue viscoelastic properties may temporarily impact neurocognitive function (Hall et al . 2020). As there is loss of consciousness and cognitive abilities associated with PPM, it could be hypothesized that PPM not only leads to negative haemodynamic effects but may also attenuate important mechanosensitive cues within the brain.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lower body negative pressure: a novel remedy for preserving the cerebrovasculature from gravitational stress

Sanjana

DeConne

2020

The Journal of Physiology

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Mechanobiology of the brain in ageing and Alzheimer's disease

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 76 publications

References 286 publications

Ultrasonic Assessment of the Medial Temporal Lobe Tissue Displacements in Alzheimer’s Disease

Ultrasonic Assessment of the Medial Temporal Lobe Tissue Displacements in Alzheimer’s Disease

Review of Design Considerations for Brain-on-a-Chip Models

Lower body negative pressure: a novel remedy for preserving the cerebrovasculature from gravitational stress

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