Mechanized transplanting with side deep fertilization increases yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice in Eastern China

C, Zhu; Xiang, Jing; Zhang, Yuping; Zhang, Yikai; Zhu, Dan; Chen, Huizhe

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42039-7

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Previous field studies showed that deep fertilizer placement, compared to broadcast application, increased yields, improved NUE, and decreased N runoff (Mengel et al 1982;Kelley and Sweeney 2007;Xia et al 2016;Zhu et al 2019). Regarding N 2 O emissions, however, results are rather contradicting: while deep N fertilizer placement effectively lowered N 2 O emissions in rice paddies (Gaihre et al 2015;Wu et al 2017) and field experiments comparing conservation tillage methods (Liu et al 2006;Nash et al 2012), other studies (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep N fertilizer placement mitigated N2O emissions in a Swedish field trial with cereals

Rychel

Meurer

Börjesson

et al. 2020

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Deep fertilizer placement is a proposed strategy to increase crop yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency while decreasing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil to atmosphere. Our objective was to test three fertilization depth orientations to compare overall N use efficiency, based on a 2-year field trial on a mineral soil cropped with cereals in Uppsala, Sweden. The field was fertilized with ammonium nitrate at a rate of 120 kg ha−1 (2016) and 105 kg ha−1 (2017) and a deep fertilizer placement (DP) at 0.20 m was compared to a shallow placement (SP) at 0.07 m and a mixed-depth placement (MP) where fertilizer was halved between the depths of 0.07 and 0.20 m, and a non-fertilized control (NF). In 2016, compared to SP, MP and DP increased N content in harvested grain by 3.6% and 2.5% respectively, and DP increased grain yield by 11% (P < 0.05). In both years, N2O emissions were similar in DP and NF, whereas SP and MP emissions were similar but generally higher than those in DP and NF. Fertilizer-induced emission factors (EF) for the growing season of 2017 decreased with fertilizer placement depth and were 0.77 ± 0.07, 0.58 ± 0.03, and 0.10 ± 0.02 for SP, MP, and DP, repectively. Although deep N placement benefits are likely dependent on weather conditions and soil type, this strategy has a clear potential for mitigating N2O emissions without adversely affecting yield.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep N fertilizer placement mitigated N2O emissions in a Swedish field trial with cereals

Rychel

Meurer

Börjesson

et al. 2020

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…The nutrient application forms the basis for yield formation and are signi cantly affected by the fertilization mode. Some studies have found that deep fertilization could refer to rice nitrogen use e ciency by increasing the total N content of rice (Zhu et al, 2019). Moreover, the application of fertilizers enhances N, P, K uptake in rice as previously reported (Qiao et al, 2011).…”

Section: Effects Of Deep N Fertilization On Nutrient Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 57%

Productivity and Profitability of Mechanized Deep Nitrogen Fertilization in Mechanical Pot-Seedling Transplanting Rice in South China

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The deep nitrogen (N) fertilization coupled with mechanical pot-seedling transplanting rice (DNF-MPT) is an effective alternative to traditional transplanted rice with broadcasting fertilizer, however, little is known about its effects on grain yield, nutrient accumulation, and economic profitability. In present study, a two-year field experiment was conducted in early seasons (March-July) of 2019 and 2020. All seedlings were transplanted by DNF-MPT, whereas four treatments were designed as: MD: mechanized deep placement of all fertilizers as base fertilizer; MDB: mechanized deep placement of 70% fertilizers as basal fertilizer, 30% broadcasting fertilizers at panicle initiation stage; MB: manual broadcasting of 40%, 30% and 30% fertilizers at the transplanting, tillering and panicle initiation stages, respectively; and CK: no fertilizer was applied during entire growth stages. Results: The results indicated that MD treatment substantially improved the grain yield by 33.48-36.35%, total nitrogen accumulation (TNA) by 26.38-44.15%, total phosphorus accumulation (TPA) by 28.72-30.23%, and total potassium accumulation (TKA) by 25.61-37.33%, respectively, compared with MB treatment. Deep placement of N fertilization treatments i.e., MD and MDB remarkably promoted root morphological indexes and total root dry weight. Furthermore, nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) activities and total chlorophyll content (total Chl) of leaves were also enhanced under deep placement of N fertilizer. Overall, the MD treatment had the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) owing to high gross returns and low input costs. Conclusions: Deep placement of N fertilizer coupled with mechanical pot-seedling transplanting rice could be better alternative to conventional rice production system with more economic benefits.

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“…Potassium fertilizer was split-applied with 50% as a basal level and 50% at the panicle initiation stage at a rate of 280 kg·ha −1 potassium. The deep fertilization machine used was developed by the Jinhe Agricultural Science and Technology Co, Ltd. (Zhejiang, China) following the methodology of Zhu 20 . The depth of fertilization was 5 cm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten plant hills were sampled from each plot based on the average tiller number at the panicle initiation, heading and maturity stages. To determine level of dry matter accumulation, the sampled plants were dried at 105 °C for 30 min and then dried to a constant weight at 80 °C following the method of Zhu 20 . Panicles, leaves, and stems with leaf sheaths were separated from the plants after the heading stage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Controlled-release fertilizer reduces nitrogen loss. Single-dose deep fertilization with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and machine transplantation improves rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency in double-season rice production 20 . Owing to differences in cultivar characteristics, a single application of slow-release fertilizer seems inadequate to fulfill the nitrogen needs of some high-yielding cultivars 12 , which is caused by mismatch between the growth period and fertilizer release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nitrogen topdressing mode of indica-japonica and indica hybrid rice are different after side-deep fertilization with machine transplanting

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Determination of the optimal fertilization method is crucial to maximize nitrogen use efficiency and yield of different rice cultivars. Side-deep fertilization with controlled-release nitrogen, in conjunction with machine transplanting and subsequent topdressing, was applied to Indica–japonica hybrid rice ‘Yongyou1540’ (YY1540) and indica hybrid rice ‘Tianyouhuazhan’ (TYHZ). Four nitrogen treatments were applied in 2018 and 2019: traditional nitrogen application with quick-release nitrogen (T1), single-dose deep fertilization at transplanting with 100% controlled-release nitrogen (T2), and deep fertilization of 70% controlled-release nitrogen and topdressing of 30% quick nitrogen at tillering (T3), or at panicle initiation (T4). Side-deep fertilization reduced the fertilizer application frequency without causing yield loss, T4 enhanced the yield of YY1540 by increasing the number of productive tillers and number of spikelets per panicle compared with T1, T2 and T3. The yield of TYHZ showed no significant difference among treatments. The T4 treatment decreased the number of tillers at the tilling peak stage and increased the percentage productive tillers and number of differentiated spikelets. Compared with the other treatments, T4 increased dry matter accumulation and leaf area index during panicle initiation and grain ripening, and contributed to enhanced nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilization in YY1540. On average, nitrogen uptake and utilization in YY1540 were highest in T4, but no significant differences among treatments were observed in TYHZ. Dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake from panicle initiation to heading of YY1540 were correlated with number of spikelets per panicle, but no significant correlations were observed for TYHZ. Supplementary topdressing with quick-release nitrogen at the panicle initiation stage was required to increase yield of indica–japonica hybrid rice, whereas single-dose deep fertilization with controlled-release nitrogen is satisfactory for the indica hybrid cultivar.

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Mechanized transplanting with side deep fertilization increases yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice in Eastern China

Cited by 45 publications

References 52 publications

Deep N fertilizer placement mitigated N2O emissions in a Swedish field trial with cereals

Deep N fertilizer placement mitigated N2O emissions in a Swedish field trial with cereals

Productivity and Profitability of Mechanized Deep Nitrogen Fertilization in Mechanical Pot-Seedling Transplanting Rice in South China

The nitrogen topdressing mode of indica-japonica and indica hybrid rice are different after side-deep fertilization with machine transplanting

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