Mechanistic Study of Tetrahydrofuran Polymerization Photoinitiated by a Sulfonium Salt/Thioxanthone System

Rodrigues, Maira R.; Neumann, Miguel G.

doi:10.1002/1521-3935(20010901)202:13<2776::aid-macp2776>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…1,2003 yield of cation radicals was calculated using data obtained for the elemental reactions. Similar mechanistic studies were already reported for the cationic photopolymerization of THF by sulphonium salts sensitized by thioxanthone 16 and phenothiazine. 17 …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…16,17 The solution was thoroughly deoxygenated by bubbling oxygen-free nitrogen. The dilatometer was constructed by attaching two capillaries (internal diameter 0.18 cm) to a cylindrical reaction vessel (internal diameter 2.2 cm, volume 8 mL), which was placed in a constant temperature bath (30.00 ± 0.01 o C) in front of the irradiation source.…”

Section: Photopolymerization Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of the elemental reactions involved in the initiation of the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran induced by the photosensitization of a triphenylsulphonium salt by perylene

Neumann¹,

Rodrigues²

2003

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A fotopolimerização de THF foi estudada na presença de sal de trifenilsulfônio e perileno. O mecanismo envolve uma transferência de elétron do estado singlete excitado do perileno para os íons trifenilsulfônio, levando à formação de cátions radicais, que reagem com o tetrahidrofurano. O rendimento aparente de cátions radicais calculado do mecanismo proposto tem o mesmo comportamento geral que as velocidades de polimerização medidas experimentalmente.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Photopolymerization Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the elemental reactions involved in the initiation of the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran induced by the photosensitization of a triphenylsulphonium salt by perylene

Neumann¹,

Rodrigues²

2003

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…It was demonstrated that MTEMPO controlled the propagating radical at the chain end as well as the MTEMPO-mediated thermal polymerization based on the fact that the resulting polymer had the MTEMPO moiety at the chain end [11]. The electron transfer from MTEMPO to the onium salt has not been directly proved, however, this mechanism is supported by many electron transfer reactions from the electron donors to the onium salts [27][28][29] and by the electrochemical potentials of TEMPO [30][31][32] and the onium salts [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Controlled/Living Photoradical Polymerization of Glycidyl Methacrylate, Using a Nitroxide Mediator in the Presence of a Photosensitive Triarylsulfonium Salt

Yoshida

2012

Polymers

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Abstract:The controlled/living photoradical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was attained using 4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (MTEMPO) as the mediator and (2RS,2'RS)-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as the initiator in the presence of (4-tert-butylphenyl)diphenylsulfonium triflate ( t BuS). Whereas the polymerization in the absence of MTEMPO yielded a gel-containing polymer, the MTEMPO-mediated polymerization produced poly(GMA) bonded at the vinyl site, and retained the oxirane ring structure. No occurrence of the cationic ring-opening photopolymerization of the oxirane ring even in the presence of the photosensitive onium salt indicated that t BuS served as the photoelectron transfer agent between MTEMPO in their excited states at the propagating chain end. The resulting polymers had comparatively narrow molecular weight distributions of M w /M n = 1.46-1.48. The living nature of the MTEMPO-mediated polymerization was confirmed on the basis of a linear increase in the conversion-molecular weight plots and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis.

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“…To improve the overlap between the absorption wavelength of onium salts and these emerging visible light sources, design and development of various Cationic Photoinitiating Initiators (LWCPI) with extended absorptions in Long-Wavelength region ( max >350 nm), especially with sustainability, are highly focused in recent years. Among the different approaches reported in the literature, free radical promoted cationic photopolymerization (FRPCP) is considered as an elegant and fairly flexible type of cationic polymerization technique [8][9][10][11][12][13]. There are two feasible mechanisms to generate initiating species in presence of free radical source: (a) addition-fragmentation mechanism involving the addition of a free radical to an allynic onium salt and its subsequent fragmentation and (b) electron transfer (radical oxidation) mechanism involving the oxidation of a free radical by an appropriate onium salt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinitiating Systems for LED-Cured Interpenetrating Polymer Networks

Shi

Karasu

Rocco

et al. 2015

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

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LED curing is becoming attractive in various applications due to specific characteristics such as long life-time, low heat generation and more energy saving. It requires the selection of suitable photoinitiating systems that exhibit long range absorption properties. For radical process, there are various commercially available photoinitiators showing a red-shift absorption. In contrast, most cationic photoinitiators have a short light absorption below 300 nm and display a limited overlap with the newly emerging visible LED light sources. Therefore, the development of photoinitiating systems with extended absorption in UVA (> 380nm) is of paramount importance. Free radical promoted cationic photopolymerization (FRPCP) is considered as an elegant and fairly flexible type of cationic polymerization technique. This approach is explored for the curing of interpenetrating acrylate/epoxide polymer networks.

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Mechanistic Study of Tetrahydrofuran Polymerization Photoinitiated by a Sulfonium Salt/Thioxanthone System

Cited by 59 publications

References 15 publications

A study of the elemental reactions involved in the initiation of the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran induced by the photosensitization of a triphenylsulphonium salt by perylene

A study of the elemental reactions involved in the initiation of the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran induced by the photosensitization of a triphenylsulphonium salt by perylene

Selective Controlled/Living Photoradical Polymerization of Glycidyl Methacrylate, Using a Nitroxide Mediator in the Presence of a Photosensitive Triarylsulfonium Salt

Photoinitiating Systems for LED-Cured Interpenetrating Polymer Networks

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