Mechanistic roles for calcium and vitamin D in the regulation of body weight

Soares, Mario J.; Murhadi, L. L.; Kurpad, Anura V; Ping-Delfos, Wendy L. Chan She; Piers, Leonard S.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.00986.x

Cited by 108 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…The results of their study showed, receiving low serum levels of vitamin D3 was associated with a higher prevalence of obesity and increased waist circumference. It was also found that vitamin D3 was effective in weight loss by increasing fat oxidation after meals (10). Likewise, Song et al obtained similar findings of Soares et al However, they reported a different mechanism for weight reduction impact of vitamin D. They concluded a role for vitamin D to regulate of fat cell death and lipid metabolism (11).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Therapeutic impact of cholecalciferol in patients with psychiatric disorders receiving olanzapine

Kaviyani¹,

Bahadoram²,

Houshmand³

et al. 2017

J Parathyr Dis

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Introduction: Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia require appropriate treatment. Second-generation antipsychotics, including olanzapine, are administered as an appropriated treatment for these disorders. However, this drug has several complications, such as obesity and increased waist circumference which reduces the acceptance of the treatment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D3 therapy on waist circumference caused by olanzapine. Patients and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 50 hospitalized women with psychiatric disorders receiving olanzapine were divided into two groups of intervention and control groups. Before the intervention, the waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio were measured. Then, for 12 weeks, the intervention group received vitamin D3 and the control group received paraffin as the placebo, one pearl every 2 weeks. Waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio were re-measured and the collected data were analyzed by pair t test. Results: Our findings showed that there is a significant decrease in waist circumference and waist-hip ratio in intervention group (P < 0.001). However, these changes were not significant in the placebo group. Hip circumference was not changed significantly in both groups. Conclusion: Vitamin D can be administered concomitant with 0lanzapine to improve side effects of olanzapine such as increasing waist circumference.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Therapeutic impact of cholecalciferol in patients with psychiatric disorders receiving olanzapine

Kaviyani¹,

Bahadoram²,

Houshmand³

et al. 2017

J Parathyr Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Overall, the data does not consistently support the role of vitamin D (with or without calcium) in weight or FM loss. It also still remains unclear whether vitamin D acts directly by improving insulin sensitivity to facilitate weight loss, or indirectly through increased calcium absorption from the gut and suppression of circulating parathyroid hormone concentrations (66) . A more recent genetic study suggests that VDR target genes may predict individuals who will not respond to supplementation (67) , and inclusion of such individuals in intervention studies may contribute to the equivocal findings presented earlier.…”

Section: Prospective and Intervention Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and obesity: current perspectives and future directions

2014

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In recent years, new functional roles of vitamin D beyond its traditional role in calcium homoeostasis and bone metabolism have emerged linking the fat-soluble vitamin to various non-communicable diseases. Vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 25-30 nmol/l) and sub-optimal status (25(OH)D < 50-100 nmol/l) are increasingly associated with unfavourable metabolic phenotypes, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and CVD; conditions also commonly linked with overweight and obesity. Early studies reported poor vitamin D status in the morbidly obese. More recently, it has been observed that a graded relationship between vitamin D status and BMI, or specifically adiposity, exists in the general population. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the potential mechanisms whereby alterations in the vitamin D endocrine system occur in the obese state. Plausible explanations include sequestration in adipose tissue, volumetric dilution or negative feedback mechanisms from increased circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 . Others hypothesise that heavier individuals may partake in less outdoor activity, may also cover-up and wear more clothing than leaner individuals, thus decreasing sun exposure and limiting endogenous production of cholecalciferol in the skin. Moreover, in some but not all studies, BMI and adiposity have been negatively associated with the change in vitamin D status following vitamin D supplementation. It therefore remains unclear if body size and/or adiposity should be taken into account when determining the dietary requirements for vitamin D. This review will evaluate the current evidence linking vitamin D status and supplementation to overweight and obesity, and discuss the implications for setting dietary requirements. Vitamin D: Obesity: BMI: Fat mass: Adipose tissueTraditional roles of vitamin D lie within the musculoskeletal system, maintaining calcium homoeostasis and bone metabolism, with deficiency leading to conditions such as rickets in children, or osteoporosis and osteomalacia in adults (1) . However, obesity is now frequently cited as a cause of vitamin D deficiency (2,3) , which may in fact lead to other co-morbidities, such as diabetes and CVD, conditions commonly linked to obesity (4,5) . Indeed, obesity and vitamin D deficiency have concomitantly reached epidemic levels worldwide and research linking the two has grown extensively over the last number of years. It is reasonable to suggest that this nutritional inadequacy may be driven by the increasing obesity rates within the general population, and may therefore improve with a reversal of the latter. However, despite the plethora of evidence available, the mechanisms remain largely unclear and the area of reverse causality is also commonly debated within the literature: does obesity lead to vitamin D deficiency or vice versa?Vitamin D is not technically a vitamin, but is better classified as an active circulating pre-hormone within the body. Limited amounts of vitamin D are obtained from dietary sourc...

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“…First of all, the use of global knockout models makes it difficult to attribute the observed phenotype to a specific tissue. In addition, these mice were fed a rescue diet containing large amounts of calcium and lactose, and calcium is strongly suspected to regulate energy homeostasis and well known to reduce intestinal lipid absorption (89) . Moreover, in wild-type mice, high-calcium rescue diet (86) has been shown to reduce 1,25(OH) 2 D to extremely low levels similar to Cyp27b1 −/− mice (90) , making it unlikely that the observed effect on body weight is attributable to 1,25(OH) 2 D.…”

Section: Energy Metabolism In Transgenic Mice Models Impacting Vitamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D modulates adipose tissue biology: possible consequences for obesity?

et al. 2015

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Cross-sectional studies depict an inverse relationship between vitamin D (VD) status reflected by plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and obesity. Furthermore, recent studies in vitro and in animal models tend to demonstrate an impact of VD and VD receptor on adipose tissue and adipocyte biology, pointing to at least a part-causal role of VD insufficiency in obesity and associated physiopathological disorders such as adipose tissue inflammation and subsequent insulin resistance. However, clinical and genetic studies are far less convincing, with highly contrasted results ruling out solid conclusions for the moment. Nevertheless, prospective studies provide interesting data supporting the hypothesis of a preventive role of VD in onset of obesity. The aim of this review is to summarise the available data on relationships between VD, adipose tissue/adipocyte physiology, and obesity in order to reveal the next key points that need to be addressed before we can gain deeper insight into the controversial VD-obesity relationship.Adipose tissue: Vitamin D: Obesity: Inflammation: Adipocytes: Nutrients: Nutrition Vitamin D: a brief overview Vitamin D (VD; calciferol) is a hormone mainly described for its role as a regulator of phosphate and calcium homeostasis (1) . It can be obtained through animal (VD 3 , cholecalciferol) or plant (VD 2 , ergocalciferol) food sources. Only a few foodstuffs contain significant amounts of VD, the main sources being fish liver oils, fatty fish (sardines, herring and mackerel) and egg yolk (2,3) , but small quantities are also found in fortified milk, orange juice, bread and cereals. Alternatively, VD 3 is produced endogenously in the skin after UVB irradiation from the precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol to give pre-VD 3 , which is further isomerised to VD 3 before being released into the circulation (4) . Classical estimates have assigned a majority (70-90 %) of VD supply to dermal synthesis, but a recent paper revised this figure down to just 10-25 % of VD supply (5) and posited that dietary intake of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) is a significant contributor to total VD input.Adipose tissue is a major storage site for vitamin D Despite limited data, it is widely accepted that adipose tissue is a reservoir for VD in human subjects and rats (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) . Interestingly, visceral fat was found to contain 20 % more VD than subcutaneous fat (11) . Heaney et al. (12) calculated that 65 % of total VD in the body is in the form of D 3 , for which adipose tissue and skeletal muscle appear to be the main body stores (accounting for 73 and 16 %, respectively).

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Mechanistic roles for calcium and vitamin D in the regulation of body weight

Cited by 108 publications

References 89 publications

Therapeutic impact of cholecalciferol in patients with psychiatric disorders receiving olanzapine

Therapeutic impact of cholecalciferol in patients with psychiatric disorders receiving olanzapine

Vitamin D and obesity: current perspectives and future directions

Vitamin D modulates adipose tissue biology: possible consequences for obesity?

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