Mechanistic Insights Into the Interaction Between Transcription Factors and Epigenetic Modifications and the Contribution to the Development of Obesity

Abstract

Objective: The development of obesity is inseparable from genetic and epigenetic factors, and transcription factors (TFs) play an essential role in these two mechanisms. This review analyzes the interaction of TFs with epigenetic modifications and the epigenetic mechanisms underlying peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, an important transcription factor, in the development of obesity.Methods: We describe the relationship between TFs and different epigenetic modifications and illustrate the several mechanisms described. Next, we summarize the epigenetic mechanisms of PPARs, an important class of transcription factors involved in obesity, that induce obesity with different triggering factors. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms of epigenetic modification of PPAR-related ligands in lipid metabolism and propose future avenues of research.Results: TFs participate in epigenetic modifications in different forms, causing changes in gene expression. The interactions between the different epigenetic modifications and PPARs are important biological developments that affect fat tissue differentiation, lipogenesis, and lipid metabolism, thereby inducing or inhibiting the development of obesity. We then highlight the need for more research to understand the role of epigenetic modifications and PPARs.Conclusions: Epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of PPARs may be excellent therapeutic targets for obesity treatment. However, there is a need for a deeper understanding of how PPARs and other obesity-related transcription factors interact with epigenetic modifications.

Salvianolic acid B plays an anti-obesity role in high fat diet-induced obese mice by regulating the expression of mRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA

“…This includes changes in the expression of non-coding RNA (Takada, Kouzmenko & Kato, 2009). Studies have shown that epigenetic modification plays an important role in the occurrence and development of obesity (Kasinska, Drzewoski & Sliwinska, 2016; Huang et al, 2018). With the advancement of RNA sequencing technology, more and more non-coding RNAs related to energy metabolism are recognized as involved in obesity and related metabolic diseases.…”

Chronic stress, epigenetics, and adipose tissue metabolism in the obese state

“…Pax transactivation domain-interacting protein promotes the trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) and the enrichment of H3K4 methyltransferases in the promoter region to activate PPARγ [134]. Acetylation of H3K9 and H3K27 in the promoter region of PPARγ increases during adipogenesis, together with downregulation of deacetylases, which inhibits adipogenesis [135]. Activated PPARγ upregulates the expression of SET domain bifurcated 8-a histone lysine methyl transferase that monomethylates H4K20, which in turn further enhances the expression of PPARγ, as well as its downstream targets in adipogenesis [135].…”

Safflower yellow improves insulin sensitivity in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice by promoting peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ2 expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue

“…Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-c (PPARc) is a critical transcription factor in regulating adipogenesis in adipose tissues 4 . PPARc plays important roles in the regulation of lipids, and glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity [5][6][7] , and thus is associated with the control of obesity and related diseases 7 . There are two isoforms of PPARc -PPARc1 and PPARc2.…”