Mechanistic insights into procyanidins as therapies for Alzheimer's disease: A review

Ruan, Wenli; Shen, Shuo-Heng; Yang, Xu; Ran, Na; Zhang, Heng

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104683

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…At the same time, in addition to catechins, procyanidins, as already reported in recent studies ( Mizuno et al, 2019 ; Zhao et al, 2019 ; Ruan et al, 2021 ), can be further investigated as potential molecular templates for the development of new anti-amyloidogenic drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

NMR-Driven Identification of Cinnamon Bud and Bark Components With Anti-Aβ Activity

et al. 2022

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The anti-Alzheimer disease (AD) activity reported for an aqueous cinnamon bark extract prompted us to investigate and compare the anti-amyloidogenic properties of cinnamon extracts obtained from both bark and bud, the latter being a very little explored matrix. We prepared the extracts with different procedures (alcoholic, hydroalcoholic, or aqueous extractions). An efficient protocol for the rapid analysis of NMR spectra of cinnamon bud and bark extracts was set up, enabling the automatic identification and quantification of metabolites. Moreover, we exploited preparative reverse-phase (RP) chromatography to prepare fractions enriched in polyphenols, further characterized by UPLC-HR-MS. Then, we combined NMR-based molecular recognition studies, atomic force microscopy, and in vitro biochemical and cellular assays to investigate the anti-amyloidogenic activity of our extracts. Both bud and bark extracts showed a potent anti-amyloidogenic activity. Flavanols, particularly procyanidins, and cinnamaldehydes, are the chemical components of cinnamon hindering Aβ peptide on-pathway aggregation and toxicity in a human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Together with the previously reported ability to hinder tau aggregation and filament formation, these data indicate cinnamon polyphenols as natural products possessing multitarget anti-AD activity. Since cinnamon is a spice increasingly present in the human diet, our results support its use to prepare nutraceuticals useful in preventing AD through an active contrast to the biochemical processes that underlie the onset of this disease. Moreover, the structures of cinnamon components responsible for cinnamon anti-AD activities represent molecular templates for designing and synthesizing new anti-amyloidogenic drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

NMR-Driven Identification of Cinnamon Bud and Bark Components With Anti-Aβ Activity

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, treatment with caffeic acid helped to improve memory ability by maintaining synaptic activity by regulating glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) and tau protein expression and Aβ levels in the hippocampus of high-fat diet-induced hyperinsulinemia rats [ 47 ]. In particular, procyanidin 1 and procyanidins, the main bioactive substances of KRPBE, inhibited Aβ fibrillogenesis and significantly suppressed Aβ oligomer-induced neuronal cell death [ 48 ]. Therefore, the various bioactive substances contained in KRPBE treatment showed a neuroprotective effect by significantly improving oxidative stress-induced Aβ accumulation and hyperphosphorylated tau expression level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Amnesia-like Effect of Pinus densiflora Extract by Improving Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation on Trimethyltin-Induced ICR Mice

Go,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2023

IJMS

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This study was conducted to investigate the anti-amnestic property of Korean red pine bark extract (KRPBE) on TMT-induced cognitive decline in ICR mice. As a result of looking at behavioral function, the consumption of KRPBE improved the spatial work ability, short-term learning, and memory ability by Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests. KRPBE suppressed antioxidant system damage by assessing the SOD activity, reduced GSH content, and MDA levels in brain tissue. In addition, it had a protective effect on cholinergic and synaptic systems by regulating ACh levels, AChE activity, and protein expression levels of ChAT, AChE, SYP, and PSD-95. Also, the KRPBE ameliorated TMT-induced mitochondrial damage by regulating the ROS content, MMP, and ATP levels. Treatment with KRPBE suppressed Aβ accumulation and phosphorylation of tau and reduced the expression level of BAX/BCl-2 ratio and caspase 3, improving oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Moreover, treatment with KRPBE improved cognitive dysfunction by regulating the neuro-inflammatory protein expression levels of p-JNK, p-Akt, p-IκB-α, COX-2, and IL-1β. Based on these results, the extract of Korean red pine bark, which is discarded as a byproduct of forestry, might be used as an eco-friendly material for functional foods or pharmaceuticals by having an anti-amnesia effect on cognitive impairment.

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“…BBB, blood-brain barrier; FFAR2, free fatty acid receptor 2; IFN-1, interferon 1; IgA, immunoglobulin A; IL, interleukin; ILC3, group 3 innate lymphoid cells; LAMP1, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; NK, natural killer; PSA, polysaccharide A; SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; Treg, regulatory T cells. pTau level, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation (Li et al, 2021;Ruan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Nut Intake Reduces the Inflammatory Associated Cognitive Imp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Walnut oil exhibits anti‐inflammatory properties in inflammatory bowel disease by inhibiting TLR4/NF‐κB signaling pathway (Bartoszek et al., 2020; Miao, Shan, Shah et al., 2021). Proanthocyanidins and quercetin also exert anti‐inflammatory effects resulting in the improvement of cognitive performance by inhibiting Aβ aggregation, pTau level, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation (Li et al., 2021; Ruan et al., 2021).…”

Section: Nut Intake Reduces the Inflammatory Associated Cognitive Imp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances on the effect of nut consumption on cognitive improvement

Wu,

Niu,

Peng

et al. 2023

Food Frontiers

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Cognitive disorders, including dementia, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, pose significant public health issues. Preventing/delaying their onset is essential as effective medical treatments are unavailable. Nuts contain bioactive compounds, including fatty acids, macronutrients such as proteins and dietary fibers, micronutrients, and polyphenols; these act synergistically preventing age‐related diseases. Epidemiological investigations have established that high nut consumption reduces cognitive impairment risk, suggesting it is useful for cognitively impaired individuals; however, clinical data on the effects of nut consumption on cognitive function are lacking. This review summarized nut consumption effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and gut microbiota. Nuts reduce oxidative stress; their active substances, including glansreginin A, proanthocyanidins, quercetin, and nut oil, have significant anti‐inflammatory effects. Furthermore, they comprise complex mixtures, which synergistically induce beneficial changes in the intestinal microbial community.

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Mechanistic insights into procyanidins as therapies for Alzheimer's disease: A review

Cited by 13 publications

References 144 publications

NMR-Driven Identification of Cinnamon Bud and Bark Components With Anti-Aβ Activity

NMR-Driven Identification of Cinnamon Bud and Bark Components With Anti-Aβ Activity

Anti-Amnesia-like Effect of Pinus densiflora Extract by Improving Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation on Trimethyltin-Induced ICR Mice

Recent advances on the effect of nut consumption on cognitive improvement

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