Mechanisms that underlie blood flow regulation at rest and during exercise

Dulaney, Cody S.; Heidorn, C Eric; Singer, Tyler J.; McDaniel, John

doi:10.1152/advan.00180.2022

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Показано, что функциональный симпатолизис [4] усиливает кровоток к активным мышцам. Авторы работы [6] считают, что усиленный кровоток в работающие мышцы обеспечивается рабочей мышечной гиперемией (симпатолизисом). Во время максимальной нагрузки приток крови к активным мышцам может увеличиться с 2-4 мл/мин на•100 г мышечной массы в покое до почти 100 мл/мин на .…”

Section: консультацииunclassified

The Importance of Physical Activity for the Normalization of High Blood Pressure

Ananev,

Nikolai Yakovlevich,

Georgy Vladimirovich

et al. 2023

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Доктор медицинских наук, профессор В.Н. Ананьев 1 Доктор медицинских наук, профессор Н.Я. Прокопьев 2 Г.В. Ананьев 3 Кандидат педагогических наук, доцент В.В. Насонов 2 Доктор медицинских наук, профессор О.В. Ананьева 4 1 Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации -Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН, Москва 2 Тюменский государственный университет, Тюмень 3 АО «Фармстандарт», Московская область, Долгопрудный 4 Тюменский государственный медицинский университет, ТюменьЦель исследования -оценка влияния регулярных дозированных физических нагрузок у мужчин на величину системного артериального давления за счет физиологических механизмов рабочей мышечной гиперемии, приводящих к нормализации повышенного артериального давления. Методика и организация исследования. Для изучения влияния спортивных занятий на величину системного артериального давления была отобрана группа мужчин (54 человека) в возрасте от 55 до 70 лет без вредных привычек, которые самостоятельно занимались физическими упражнениями (под наблюдением врачей) в группах здоровья и не принимали лекарств по своему убеждению. В ходе эксперимента мужчинам было предложено ежедневно бегать при пульсе не более 85-110 уд/мин в течение 60 мин в первой половине дня и во второй половине дня проходить 5000-8000 шагов в течение 60 дней. Для выяснения механизмов феномена симпатолизиса увеличения кровотока при сокращении мышц на кроликах моделировалась физическая нагрузка при электростимуляции мышц конечности и введении в артерии адреналина. Результаты исследования и выводы. Научно дозированная физическая нагрузка приводит к расширению артерий работающих мышц и способствует снижению и нормализации повышенного системного артериального давления у мужчин. В опытах на животных при моделировании рабочей мышечной гиперемии доказано, что в работающих мышцах происходит блокирование альфа-адренорецепторов артерий к адреналину (симпатолизис), за счет чего усиливается кровоток и снижается артериальное давление. Ключевые слова: мужчины, нормализация артериального давления, физические нагрузки, мышечная рабочая гиперемия, рецепторные механизмы мышечной гиперемии.Objective of the study was to assess the effect of regular dosed physical activity in men on the value of systemic arterial pressure due to the physiological mechanisms of working muscle hyperemia, leading to the normalization of high blood pressure. Methods and structure of the study. To study the effect of sports activities on the value of systemic arterial pressure, a group of men (54 people) aged 55 to 70 years without bad habits was selected, who independently engaged in physical exercises (under the supervision of doctors) in health groups and did not take drugs according to their own convictions. During the experiment, men were asked to run daily with a pulse of no more than 85-110 beats / min for 60 minutes in the first half of the day and in the afternoon to take 5000-8000 steps for 60 days. To elucidate the mechanisms of the phenomenon of sympatholysis of an increase in blood flow during muscle contraction, ...

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Section: консультацииunclassified

The Importance of Physical Activity for the Normalization of High Blood Pressure

Ananev,

Nikolai Yakovlevich,

Georgy Vladimirovich

et al. 2023

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“…Additionally, taurine appears to have other physiological roles in metabolic and cardiac function which remain to be elucidated in heat stressed individuals. Dulaney et al, 2023) π, a mathematical constant; D, diameter of the artery in cm; 60 is a constant employed to convert the units to mL/min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions

Peel

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This thesis details the meta-analytical and experimental work conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplements, specifically taurine, on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during heat exposure. Meta-analysis determined that the ergogenic effects of many dietary supplements on endurance exercise performance appear affected by the heat. Supplements established to be efficacious in thermoneutral conditions, such as caffeine and creatine provided no performance benefit, while amino acids (e.g. taurine) demonstrated the greatest ergogenicity. Of the supplements meta-analysed for their thermoregulatory effects, several amino acids, anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatories, and those affecting fluid balance, offered the greatest benefits during heat exposure. Conversely, supplements enhancing nitric oxide bioavailability had no effect on thermal balance, and caffeine induced a thermogenic effect when ingested in the heat. Overall, taurine had the greatest performance and thermoregulatory responses, and was, therefore, selected as the focus of the subsequent empirical data chapters. Within the experimental studies of the thesis, taurine supplementation augmented thermal sweating during fixed metabolic heat production in hot conditions, including increased whole-body sweat loss, local sweat rate and sweat gland activation, alongside enhancing cutaneous vasodilation. Greater thermal sweating translated to heightened evaporative heat dissipation and reduced heat storage, as modelled by partitional calorimetry. Improved thermal tolerance was also observed, through a delayed transition to uncompensable heat stress. Drivers of the thermal sweating response and the measurement techniques used to assess these were established to be sufficiently reliable to control thermal sweating and detect likely changes, respectively. This indicates that the findings regarding taurine’s effects on thermal sweating are genuine and unaffected by these influencing factors. Taurine may exert these thermoregulatory effects through its vaso-active and osmoregulatory roles, though this requires further investigation. Nevertheless, taurine may offer a potential dietary supplementation strategy to support thermoregulation in hot environmental conditions that permit dry and evaporative heat transfer.

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Sourcebook update: using near-infrared spectroscopy to assess skeletal muscle oxygen uptake

Pelka,

Davis,

McDaniel

2024

Advances in Physiology Education

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Monitoring the metabolic cost or oxygen consumption associated with rest and exercise is crucial to understanding the impact of disease or physical training on the health of individuals. Traditionally, measuring the skeletal muscle oxygen cost associated with exercise/muscle contractions can be rather expensive or invasive (i.e., muscle biopsies). More recently, specific protocols designed around the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been shown to provide a quick, non-invasive easy to use tool to measure skeletal muscle oxygen consumption (mVO2). However, the data and results from NIRS devices are often misunderstood. Thus, the primary purpose of this sourcebook update is to provide several experimental protocols students can utilize to improve their understanding of NIRS technology, learn how to analyze results from NIRS devices as well as better understand how muscle contraction intensity and type (isometric, concentric or eccentric) influence the oxygen cost of muscle contractions.

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Mechanisms that underlie blood flow regulation at rest and during exercise

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

The Importance of Physical Activity for the Normalization of High Blood Pressure

The Importance of Physical Activity for the Normalization of High Blood Pressure

The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions

Sourcebook update: using near-infrared spectroscopy to assess skeletal muscle oxygen uptake

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