Mechanisms regulating the CRISPR-Cas systems

Zakrzewska, Marta; Burmistrz, Michał

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1060337

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 168 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…The CRISPR-Cas system provides the host with an adaptive and hereditary immunity against exogenous nucleic acids [36]. In this study, the CRISPR-Cas system arrays (n = 2-10, 74 bp-4468 bp) were identified in all the four V. cholerae genomes (Figure S6).…”

Section: Crispr-cas System Arraysmentioning

confidence: 89%

Growth and Genome Features of Non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolated from Three Species of Common Freshwater Fish

Qin,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Diversity

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Vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of cholera in humans. The bacterium is frequently detected in aquatic products worldwide. However, the current literature on the genome evolution of V. cholerae of aquatic animal origins is limited. Here, we firstly characterized the growth and genome features of V. cholerae isolates with different resistance phenotypes from three species of common freshwater fish. The results revealed that the non-O1/O139 V. cholerae isolates (n = 4) were halophilic and grew optimally at 2% NaCl and pH 8.0. Their draft genome sequences were 3.89 Mb–4.15 Mb with an average GC content of 47.35–47.63%. Approximately 3366–3561 genes were predicted to encode proteins, but 14.9–17.3% of them were of an unknown function. A number of strain-specific genes (n = 221–311) were found in the four V. cholerae isolates, 3 of which belonged to none of any of the known sequence types (STs). Several putative mobile genetic elements (MGEs) existed in the V. cholerae isolates, including genomic islands (n = 4–9), prophages (n = 0–3), integrons (n = 1–1), and insertion sequences (n = 0–3). Notably, CRISPR-Cas system arrays (n = 2–10) were found in the V. cholerae genomes, whereby the potential immunity defense system could be active. Comparative genomic analyses also revealed many putative virulence-associated genes (n = 106–122) and antibiotic resistance-related genes (n = 6–9). Overall, the results of this study demonstrate the bacterial broader-spectrum growth traits and fill prior gaps in the genomes of V. cholerae originating from freshwater fish.

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Section: Crispr-cas System Arraysmentioning

confidence: 89%

Growth and Genome Features of Non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolated from Three Species of Common Freshwater Fish

Qin,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Diversity

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“…This inhibition is reversible and can be overcome by increasing the concentration of Cas9, suggesting that AcrIIA4 is a competitive inhibitor. , The discovery of ACR proteins has important implications for the use of CRISPR-Cas systems in genome editing and other applications. The presence of ACR proteins can reduce the efficiency and specificity of the CRISPR-Cas system, leading to off-target effects and potentially reducing the therapeutic potential of this technology. , …”

Section: Bacterial Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of ACR proteins can reduce the efficiency and specificity of the CRISPR-Cas system, leading to off-target effects and potentially reducing the therapeutic potential of this technology. 189,195 Anti-anti-CRISPR strategies refer to the development of tools and techniques to overcome the inhibitory effects of anti-CRISPR (ACR) proteins on CRISPR-Cas systems. These strategies are important for improving the efficiency and specificity of CRISPR-Cas systems in genome editing and other applications.…”

Section: ■ Bacterial Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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CRISPR-Cas-Based Antimicrobials: Design, Challenges, and Bacterial Mechanisms of Resistance

et al. 2023

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The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains is a source of public health concern across the globe. As the discovery of new conventional antibiotics has stalled significantly over the past decade, there is an urgency to develop novel approaches to address drug resistance in infectious diseases. The use of a CRISPR-Cas-based system for the precise elimination of targeted bacterial populations holds promise as an innovative approach for new antimicrobial agent design. The CRISPR-Cas targeting system is celebrated for its high versatility and specificity, offering an excellent opportunity to fight antibiotic resistance in pathogens by selectively inactivating genes involved in antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, pathogenicity, virulence, or bacterial viability. The CRISPR-Cas strategy can enact antimicrobial effects by two approaches: inactivation of chromosomal genes or curing of plasmids encoding antibiotic resistance. In this Review, we provide an overview of the main CRISPR-Cas systems utilized for the creation of these antimicrobials, as well as highlighting promising studies in the field. We also offer a detailed discussion about the most commonly used mechanisms for CRISPR-Cas delivery: bacteriophages, nanoparticles, and conjugative plasmids. Lastly, we address possible mechanisms of interference that should be considered during the intelligent design of these novel approaches.

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“…At the same time, researchers are constantly improving the performance of the CRISPR/Cas system, taking advantage of its high target sequence specificity and programmability to meet the requirements of specificity, sensitivity, speed, cost and simplicity in molecular diagnostic processes. In previous reviews, there have been discussions on the regulatory mechanisms, classification, [7] biological editing in food and agriculture, [8] non nucleic acid testing, [9] and nucleic acid testing [10] of the CRISPR‐Cas system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of CRISPR/Cas Technology in Biological Nano‐Analysis

Liu,

Aodeng,

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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Currently, with the growing global demand for infectious disease diagnostics, environmental testing and food safety, CRISPR‐Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats‐CRISPR associated proteins) system has unlimited potential as one of the emerging technologies in the field of biotechnology. Recent studies have shown that CRISPR‐Cas system has become a powerful weapon for gene editing, disease treatment, molecular diagnosis and imaging. As important biomarkers, various nucleic acid and non‐nucleic acid targets need to be detected from various samples before the situation deteriorates. In addition, there are still some limitations and challenges in the current biosensor platforms based on the CRISPR‐Cas system. Therefore, summarising the strategies, strengths and weaknesses, and development prospects of the CRISPR‐Cas system in nucleic acid and non‐nucleic acid target identification is beneficial to fully explore the potential development directions of CRISPR‐Cas‐based biosensor systems. This review briefly introduces and summarises the classification, mechanisms and applications of the system (diagnostics when combined with some signal detection means). In addition, some of the current limitations, challenges and future prospects for optimisation of biosensor platforms based on this system are discussed.

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Mechanisms regulating the CRISPR-Cas systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 168 publications

Growth and Genome Features of Non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolated from Three Species of Common Freshwater Fish

Growth and Genome Features of Non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae Isolated from Three Species of Common Freshwater Fish

CRISPR-Cas-Based Antimicrobials: Design, Challenges, and Bacterial Mechanisms of Resistance

Application of CRISPR/Cas Technology in Biological Nano‐Analysis

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