Mechanisms of Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Walsh, Jarrett E.; Lathers, Deanne; Angela, C.; Gillespie, M. Boyd; Day, Terry A.; Young, Matthew R.

doi:10.1007/s11864-007-0032-2

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Increased expression of VEGF is seen in OSCC through all stages of disease progression [106][107][108]. Other factors that promote blood vessel formation and endothelial cell migration include, prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2 ) and TGF-β̣ are often overexpressed by tumor cells [109][110][111][112][113]. COX-2 inhibition has been shown to be effective in controlling OSCC cell proliferation and this is shown to be mediated specifically through the inhibition of PGE 2 .…”

Section: Cdk2ap1-also Known As P12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of head and neck cancer

Deshpande

Wong²

2008

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

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Background-With a global incidence rank of eight and a significant portion of head and neck malignancies (~90%), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) poses a major health risk and is one of the leading cause of mortality in developing nations [1]. Distribution of the incidence of OSCC varies across the world with south-central Asia and Africa leading, followed by eastern and central Europe, and to a lesser extent Australia, Japan, and the United States. Over the past few years there has been a drastic increase in the incidence of oral cancer in most parts of the world [2]. In the United States alone, with about 17 new cases/100,000, oral cancer is the fifth most common and sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality per year [3].While men tend to have a higher incidence of OSCC (6.6/100,000) compared to women (2.9/100,000), there is an equal mortality rate between the sexes (50%).

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Section: Cdk2ap1-also Known As P12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of head and neck cancer

Deshpande

Wong²

2008

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

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“…inhibition of angiogenesis often suppresses the tumor growth of model tumors, and the suppression and eradication of malignant tumors by targeting angiogenetic endothelial cells is a rapidly evolving approach to cancer therapy (10,11). Such therapies might influence highly vascularized head and neck cancers (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) , simOn l. GOOdman 3 and Jan-dirK raGusE strategies (9,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). in particular, the integrins, αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1, have been implicated in tumor angiogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical analysis of integrins αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1, and their ligands, fibrinogen, fibronectin, osteopontin and vitronectin, in frozen sections of human oral head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

Fabricius

Wildner

Kruse-Boitschenko

et al. 2010

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. integrins mediate the interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix and are believed to be involved in tumor cell survival and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis. We used immunohistochemistry of fresh-frozen human tumor tissues to analyze the presence of integrins αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1, which are believed to be involved in tumor growth and migration, together with integrin ligands, vitronectin, osteopontin, fibronectin and fibrinogen, in human oral squamous cell carcinomas. Samples of squamous cell carcinomas and control tissues from patients without cancer undergoing oral or maxillofacial surgery were frozen in liquid nitrogen within 30 min of removal. Frozen sections were prepared, and the presence of integrins or ligands was visualized using standard immunohistochemistry (apaap) with a blinded evaluation. comparison of samples from the 40 oral cancer patients and the 20 controls revealed increased staining in tumors compared with the controls, and staining was demonstrated for αvβ3 in endothelia. αvβ5 staining was increased in the tumor samples, but this was associated with increased expression in stroma rather than in endothelia. modestly increased expression of α5β1 was observed in the tumor samples, and this was associated with tumor cells, endothelia and stroma. Expression of ligands for the integrins varied between tissue types, with increased fibrinogen and fibronectin expression in tumor endothelia. Confirmation of the presence of these integrins and their association with tumor cells, endothelia or stroma suggests their potential for these integrins in human oral tumors. Overall, the increased expression of integrins within tumors, particularly expression associated with endothelial cells, supports the principle of selective integrin blockade as a novel anticancer strategy. IntroductionWorldwide, the 5-year survival rate for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) has not significantly increased for many years (1-5). HNSCC is diagnosed predominantly at the age range of 50-70 years, but is also observed in younger patients (6-8). despite aggressive initial management of the primary tumor, locoregional recurrence occurs in some 60% of cases, and distant metastasis is observed in some 25%. therefore, innovative therapeutic concepts are urgently required.angiogenesis is essential for tumor progression and metastasis. tumor angiogenesis is complex and involves crosstalk between tumor-derived growth factors, the modified extracellular matrix that develops around tumors, and endothelial receptors for extracellular matrix and growth factors (9,10). inhibition of angiogenesis often suppresses the tumor growth of model tumors, and the suppression and eradication of malignant tumors by targeting angiogenetic endothelial cells is a rapidly evolving approach to cancer therapy (10,11

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“…Metastases of squamous cancer tends to be locoregional and the mechanism is multifactorial [22]. Body wall extension occurs in advanced and locally recurrent vulva cancer [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Sentinel Node Mapping of the Groin Cause Extranodal Metastasis in Vulva Cancer?

Wahab

Saadeh

Lavelle

et al. 2014

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Groin node lymphadenectomy in vulva cancer carries a substantial risk of morbid sequelae. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is a valid alternative in patients with squamous cancer of diameter <4 cm and nonsuspicious lymph nodes. SLN are mapped according to the combined technique of radioscintigraphy using technetium-labelled colloid and blue dye. We describe early extranodal recurrence in 2 patients undergoing SLN mapping. They had lymph node metastases at their original dissection. We question whether rapid lymph flow promoted by injection of colloid and dye could cause retrograde flow of cancer cells along the lymphatics draining from the pubis to the groin and extravasation of cancer cells into the dermis since these metastases arose anterior to the pubis and medial to the groin. These recurrence sites were more medial and cephalad than would be expected for skin bridge metastasis. CT imaging shows the metastases are within the dermis. No lymphatic tissue was identified around these subcuticular cancer deposits at repeat resection. Body wall extension occurs in recurrent vulva cancer, but we never saw such an early recurrence when full inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy without SLN was the standard approach. These 2 cases raise a caveat in the application of SLN mapping in vulva cancer, especially when metastasis is detected on SLN as the afferent channels to the lymph nodes may be already blocked or flow impaired by the tumour.

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Mechanisms of Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 26 publications

References 66 publications

Molecular mechanisms of head and neck cancer

Molecular mechanisms of head and neck cancer

Immunohistochemical analysis of integrins αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1, and their ligands, fibrinogen, fibronectin, osteopontin and vitronectin, in frozen sections of human oral head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

Could Sentinel Node Mapping of the Groin Cause Extranodal Metastasis in Vulva Cancer?

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