Mechanisms of TNFα regulation in uveitis: Focus on RNA-binding proteins

Anti–tumor necrosis factor-α therapy in uveitis

“…115 As previously seen in experimental models, persistent production of TNF-α is associated with tissue damage via reactive oxygen species, promotion of angiogenesis, and breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier. 75 A new T-helper cell population, Th22, has recently been identified as distinct from the previously characterized Th1, Th2, and Th17 populations. This Th22-type T-cell clone produces large amounts of TNF-α and IL-22.…”

Certolizumab Pegol, a New Anti-TNF-α in the Armamentarium against Ocular Inflammation

“…20 TNF-a plays a pivotal role in starting and maintaining the intraocular inflammatory response. 21 Increasing rates of evidence about the effectiveness of anti-TNF-a drugs in uveitis have been reported for some etiologies, such as Behçet disease 8,22,23 or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) associated uveitis. 9,24 However, around 20-60% of infliximab-or adalimumab-treated patients failed to respond or developed adverse events during the first year of biologic therapy.…”

Cytokine profiling reveals decreased serum levels of CCL2 in active ocular toxoplasmosis

“…In patients with active uveitis, TNFα has been shown to be elevated in serum and aqueous humour, and serum levels correlate with disease status 22 23. Persistent production of TNFα is associated with significant tissue damage via reactive oxygen species, promotion of angiogenesis and breakdown of the blood ocular barrier.…”