Mechanisms of the Neurotoxic Actions of Organic Chemicals

Carpenter, David O.

doi:10.1002/9781118679654.ch17

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 91 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the scientific literature, 8-OHdG and 8-oxodG are used for the same compound [39]. Occupational exposure to EDCs such as PAH, benzene, styrene, and inorganic arsenic increases urinary 8-oxodG in workers [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexavalent Chromium Disrupts Oocyte Development in Rats by Elevating Oxidative Stress, DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Microtubule Disruption, and Aberrant Segregation of Chromosomes

Wuri

Burghardt

Arosh

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental and occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), causes female reproductive failures and infertility. Cr(VI) is used in more than 50 industries and is a group A carcinogen, mutagenic and teratogenic, and a male and female reproductive toxicant. Our previous findings indicate that Cr(VI) causes follicular atresia, trophoblast cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction in metaphase II (MII) oocytes. However, the integrated molecular mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced oocyte defects is not understood. The current study investigates the mechanism of Cr(VI) in causing meiotic disruption of MII oocytes, leading to oocyte incompetence in superovulated rats. Postnatal day (PND) 22 rats were treated with potassium dichromate (1 and 5 ppm) in drinking water from PND 22–29 and superovulated. MII oocytes were analyzed by immunofluorescence, and images were captured by confocal microscopy and quantified by Image-Pro Plus software, Version 10.0.5. Our data showed that Cr(VI) increased microtubule misalignment (~9 fold), led to missegregation of chromosomes and bulged and folded actin caps, increased oxidative DNA (~3 fold) and protein (~9–12 fold) damage, and increased DNA double-strand breaks (~5–10 fold) and DNA repair protein RAD51 (~3–6 fold). Cr(VI) also induced incomplete cytokinesis and delayed polar body extrusion. Our study indicates that exposure to environmentally relevant doses of Cr(VI) caused severe DNA damage, distorted oocyte cytoskeletal proteins, and caused oxidative DNA and protein damage, resulting in developmental arrest in MII oocytes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexavalent Chromium Disrupts Oocyte Development in Rats by Elevating Oxidative Stress, DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Microtubule Disruption, and Aberrant Segregation of Chromosomes

Wuri

Burghardt

Arosh

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the scientific literature, 8-OHdG and 8-oxodG are used for the same compound [40]. Occupational exposure to EDCs such as PAH, benzene, styrene, and inorganic arsenic increase urinary 8-oxodG in workers [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexavalent Chromium Induces Infertility in Rats by Elevating Oxidative Stress, DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Microtubule Disruption, and Aberrant Segregation of Chromosomes in the Metaphase-II Oocytes

Wuri¹,

Burghardt²,

Arosh³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental and occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), causes female reproductive failures and infertility. Cr(VI) is used in more than 50 industries and is a group-A carcinogen, mutagenic and teratogenic, and a male and female reproductive toxicant. Our previous findings indicate that Cr(VI) causes follicular atresia, trophoblast cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction in metaphase II (MII) oocytes. However, the integrated molecular mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced oocyte defects are not understood. The current study investigates the mechanism of Cr(VI) in causing meiotic disruption of MII oocytes, leading to infertility in superovulated rats. Postnatal day (PND)-22 rats were treated with potassium dichromate (1 and 5 ppm) in drinking water from PND 22-29 and superovulated. MII oocytes were analyzed by immunofluorescence, and images were captured by confocal microscopy and quantified by Image Pro Plus software. Our data showed that Cr(VI) increased microtubule misalignment, missegregation of chromosomes, a bulged and folded actin cap, oxidative DNA and protein damage, increased DNA double-strand break, and DNA repair protein RAD51. Cr(VI) also induced incomplete cytokinesis and delayed polar body extrusion. Our study indicates that exposure to environmentally relevant doses of Cr(VI) caused severe DNA damage, distorted oocyte cytoskeletal proteins, and caused oxidative DNA and protein damage leading to infertility.

show abstract

“…Bugün, 1000'den fazla kimyasal maddenin endokrin bozucu özelliğe sahip olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Bunlar arasında poliklorlu bifeniller (PCB'ler), pestisitler, fungusitler, endüstriyel kimyasallar, plastikleştiriciler, nonifenoller, ağır metaller, butillenmiş hidroksiyanozil (BHA) ve butillenmiş hidroksitoluen (BHT), farmakolojik ajanlar ve fitoöstrojenler yer almaktadır (Şekil 1; Zoeller vd., 2012;Carpenter, 2013;WHO, 2014;Gore vd., 2015). Bugün, günlük yaşamın her alanında kullanılan plastik kaplar, deterjanlar, kozmetikler, oyuncaklar, yanmayı önleyiciler, pestisitler ve gıda koruyucular gibi birçok üründe endokrin bozucu kimyasal maddeler bulunmaktadır.…”

Section: Endokrin Bozucular: Tanım Ve Kısa Tarihçeunclassified

“…Östrojenik, anti-östrojenik, androjenik ve antiandrojenik etkileri nedeniyle erkek ve kadında fertilite problemleri ve hormon duyarlı kanserlere neden oldukları bildirilmiştir. Ayrıca, tiroit homeostazının bozulması ve obezogenik etkiler de gösterilmiştir (Carpenter, 2013;Gore vd., 2015;Langer vd., 2014;Luo vd., 2017). Bu etki mekanizmaları aşağıda detaylı olarak anlatılmıştır.…”

Section: Kalıcı Organik Kirleticilerunclassified

“…Dünyada son 60 yılda sağlanan endüstriyel gelişmelere paralel olarak, çok sayıda kimyasal maddenin çevreye salındığı ve yaygın şekilde kirlenmeye neden olduğu bilinmektedir (Carpenter, 2013;WHO, 2014). Aşağıda detaylı açıklandığı gibi, farklı yapılardaki kimyasal maddeler yanmayı önleyici, boya sanayi, zirai mücadele ve plastik yapımı gibi çok farklı alanlarda yaygın şekilde kullanılmaktadır (Carpenter, 2013;Gore vd., 2015). Bazı grup kimyasal maddelerin kalıcı ve potansiyel zararlı oldukları belirlendikten sonra üretim ve kullanımı yasaklanmış, yerlerine başka kimyasal maddeler üretilmiştir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Endokrin Bozucuların Güncel Durumu, Ağır Metaller, Poliklorlu Bifeniller (PCBS), Parabenler, BHA, BHT

Yılmaz¹

2022

Endokrin Bozucular Ve Sağlık

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are a global problem for environmental and human health. They are defined as “an exogenous chemical, or mixture of chemicals, that can interfere with any aspect of hormone action”. It is estimated that there are about 1000 chemicals with endocrine-acting properties. EDCs comprise pesticides, fungicides, industrial chemicals, plasticizers, nonylphenols, metals, pharmaceutical agents and phytoestrogens. Persistent Organochlorine Pollutants (POPs) are substances that persist a long time in the environment and pose a threat for human health. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of POPs that were widely used and banned in 1980s. PCBs may have neurotoxic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic, hepatatoxic, nephrotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Some PCBs resemble to estradiol 17-β and hence can mimic estrogenic effects. In contrast, coplanar PCBs mimic dioxin that they bind to aryl hydrocarbon receptor and causes anti-estrogenic effects. Heavy metals (mercury, lead, arsenic, cadmium and uranium) have been reported to have endocrine disruptive effects. However, their carcinogenic, neurotoxic and other adverse effects on human health are more important. Parabens are methyl, ethyl, propyl and ester forms of PHBA that are commonly used in food, pharmaceutical and personal care products. They have weak endocrine disruptive effects. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are food additives as antioxidants. There are very few studies on the endocrine disruptor effects of BHA and BHT. Their use has been limited in USA, EU and Canada. Human exposure to EDCs mainly occurs by ingestion and to some extent by inhalation and dermal uptake. Most EDCs are lipophilic and bioaccumulate in the adipose tissue, thus they have a very long half-life in the body. It is difficult to assess the full impact of human exposure to EDCs because adverse effects develop latently and manifest at later ages, and in some people do not present. Timing of exposure is of importance. Developing fetus and neonates are the most vulnerable to endocrine disruption. EDCs may interfere with synthesis, action and metabolism of sex steroid hormones that in turn cause developmental and fertility problems, infertility and hormone-sensitive cancers in women and men. Some EDCs exert obesogenic effects that result in disturbance in energy homeostasis. Interference with hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid and adrenal axes has also been reported. Potential EDCs, their effects and mechanisms of action, epidemiological studies to analyze their effects on human health, bio-detection and chemical identification methods, studying EDCs in humans and recommendations for endocrinologists, individuals and policy makers are reviewed.

show abstract

Mechanisms of the Neurotoxic Actions of Organic Chemicals

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

Hexavalent Chromium Disrupts Oocyte Development in Rats by Elevating Oxidative Stress, DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Microtubule Disruption, and Aberrant Segregation of Chromosomes

Hexavalent Chromium Disrupts Oocyte Development in Rats by Elevating Oxidative Stress, DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Microtubule Disruption, and Aberrant Segregation of Chromosomes

Hexavalent Chromium Induces Infertility in Rats by Elevating Oxidative Stress, DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Microtubule Disruption, and Aberrant Segregation of Chromosomes in the Metaphase-II Oocytes

Endokrin Bozucuların Güncel Durumu, Ağır Metaller, Poliklorlu Bifeniller (PCBS), Parabenler, BHA, BHT

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About