Mechanisms of the Ase1/PRC1/MAP65 family in central spindle assembly

Abstract

During cytokinesis, the organization of the spindle midzone and chromosome segregation is controlled by the central spindle, a microtubule cytoskeleton containing kinesin motors and non-motor microtubule-associated proteins. The anaphase spindle elongation 1/protein regulator of cytokinesis 1/microtubule associated protein 65 (Ase1/PRC1/MAP65) family of microtubule-bundling proteins are key regulators of central spindle assembly, mediating microtubule crosslinking and spindle elongation in the midzone. Ase1/PRC1/MAP65 serves as a complex regulatory platform for the recruitment of other midzone proteins at the spindle midzone. Herein, we summarize recent advances in understanding of the structural domains and molecular kinetics of the Ase1/PRC1/MAP65 family. We summarize the regulatory network involved in post-translational modifications of Ase1/PRC1 by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1), cell division cycle 14 (Cdc14) and Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) and also highlight multiple functions of Ase1/PRC1 in central spindle organization, spindle elongation and cytokinesis during cell division.

Moonlighting in Mitosis: Analysis of the Mitotic Functions of Transcription and Splicing Factors

“…RNAi-mediated depletion of CBFβ or overexpression of the CBFβ-SMMHC (smooth muscle myosin heavy chain) leukemogenic fusion protein results in midbody abnormalities and mislocalization of PRC1 [88]. PRC1 cross-links antiparallel MTs in the midbody and is essential for completion of cytokinesis [89]. YAP is an interacting partner of the human RUNX proteins that accumulate in the midbody dark zone.…”

PRC1 is a critical regulator for anaphase spindle midzone assembly and cytokinesis in mouse oocyte meiosis

“…The N-terminal domain of PRC1 is vital for its localization at the spindle midzone and midbody and interactions with KIF4A, CENP-E, MKLP1, and dimerization [24,25]. PRC1 is essential for cytokinesis and central spindle assembly [26]. For example, HeLa cells treated with PRC1 siRNA show disrupted spindle morphology, failure to form the midzone, and failed cytokinesis [24].…”

Cytoskeletal diversification across 1 billion years: What red algae can teach us about the cytoskeleton, and vice versa

“…First, it is notable that Porphyra and some other red algae lack Map65/ASE1, a conserved crosslinker that plays an essential role in spindle assembly in diverse organisms. [ 44 ] Even more striking is that the mitotic spindle of Porphyra assembles with only four classes of kinesin (Figure 2, Box 2, Table S3). Specifically, Porphyra has kinesin‐5 (a mitotic motor that is predicted to slide antiparallel microtubules; also known as BimC/Eg5), kinesin‐7 (a mitotic motor that typically localizes to centromeres and is thought to provide force for chromosome movement and/or spindle elongation; also known as CENP‐E), and kinesin‐14 (a mitotic motor with a C‐terminal motor that moves towards the minus end of microtubules; also known as NCD) (Figure 2 and Table S3; Friel [ 45 ] provides reviews of the kinesin family).…”