Mechanisms of steroid oxidation by microorgansism.  XIV.  Pathway of cholesterol side-chain degradation

Sih, Charles J.; Tai, Hsin‐Hsiung; Tsong, Y. Y.; Lee, Sang Sup.; Coombe, RG

doi:10.1021/bi00842a039

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nocardia was grown on cholesterol radiolabeled at C4 and C26 to help identify partially metabolized cholesterol intermediates (Sih et al, 1968a, Sih et al, 1968b). These studies demonstrated that cholesterol side chain metabolism to C17 keto-sterols proceeds through intermediates in which the side chain has been cleaved at C24 followed by C22 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Elucidation Of Steroid Catabolic Pathways In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen roid rage: Cholesterol utilization byMycobacterium tuberculosis

Wipperman

Sampson

Thomas

2014

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

139

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability of science and medicine to control the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) requires an understanding of the complex host environment within which it resides. Pathological and biological evidence overwhelmingly demonstrate how the mammalian steroid cholesterol is present throughout the course of infection. Better understanding Mtb requires a more complete understanding of how it utilizes molecules like cholesterol in this environment to sustain the infection of the host. Cholesterol uptake, catabolism, and broader utilization are important for maintenance of the pathogen in the host and it has been experimentally validated to contribute to virulence and pathogenesis. Cholesterol is catabolized by at least three distinct sub-pathways, two for the ring system and one for the side chain, yielding dozens of steroid intermediates with varying biochemical properties. Our ability to control this worldwide infectious agent requires a greater knowledge of how Mtb uses cholesterol to its advantage throughout the course of infection. Herein, the current state of knowledge of cholesterol metabolism by Mtb is reviewed from a biochemical perspective with a focus on the metabolic genes and pathways responsible for cholesterol steroid catabolism.

show abstract

Section: Elucidation Of Steroid Catabolic Pathways In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen roid rage: Cholesterol utilization byMycobacterium tuberculosis

Wipperman

Sampson

Thomas

2014

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

139

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the fate of the C and D rings is unknown. Moreover, the side chain is predicted to be metabolized by ␤-oxidation (9,20,21) (Fig. 1B), but the genes encoding these enzymes have yet to be precisely mapped.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathway Profiling in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Thomas

VanderVen

Sherman

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Cholesterol metabolism is critical in the chronic phase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Results: A cholesterol metabolite structure and an enzyme activity responsible for its degradation were determined. Conclusion:The igr operon encodes the enzymes that catalyze the final three steps in cholesterol side-chain degradation. Significance: Insight into the function of enzymes encoded in the igr operon is important for understanding the role of cholesterol metabolism in pathogenesis.

show abstract

“…This process is initiated by a steroid CoA ligase, which catalyzes the CoA activation of the C26 carboxylic acid intermediates (51,52). Therefore, we cannot rule of the possibility that the corresponding CoA derivative of 3OChA, and even derivatives of 3OHChA (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%