Mechanisms of selenium chemoprevention and therapy in prostate cancer

Abstract

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Sodium Selenite Radiosensitizes Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer Xenograft Tumors but Not Intestinal Crypt Cells In Vivo

“…Although preclinical and early clinical studies suggested that selenium supplementation could prevent prostate cancer (2), results from a recent large randomized trial failed to show a significant effect of organic selenium alone or in combination with other agents on the incidence of prostate cancer (3). Meanwhile, little is known regarding the use of inorganic selenium as an anticancer agent.…”

Effects of Selenium Status and Polymorphisms in Selenoprotein Genes on Prostate Cancer Risk in a Prospective Study of European Men

“…It is specifically incorporated as the amino acid selenocysteine into 25 so-called selenoproteins, many of which catalyze redox reactions with Se at the active site (1)(2)(3). Increased intake of Se has been suggested to have anticarcinogenic effects, and numerous mechanisms have been proposed to explain this property: reduction of DNA damage, oxidative stress, or inflammation; also, induction of phase II enzymes, enhancement of immune response, inhibition of cell cycle and angiogenesis, and induction of apoptosis were proposed (4). Intervention studies in humans have shown that supplementation of Se leads to an increase in concentration and/or activity of circulating selenoproteins, such as selenoprotein P (SePP) or glutathione peroxidases (GPx; refs.…”

O papel das selenoproteínas no câncer

“…14 Moreover, studies evaluating the importance of selenium in cancer treatment in humans refer more to the role of this mineral in prostate and colorectal cancer [63][64][65][66][67][68][69] and less to its role in cases of bladder cancer. 70,71 conclusion Low selenium concentrations, as well as a reduced expression of selenoproteins, are associated with a high risk of cancer.…”