Mechanisms of Regulation of Transporters of Amino Acid Absorption in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Singh, Soudamani; Arthur, Subha; Sundaram, Uma

doi:10.1002/cphy.c190016

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Glutamine is the primary metabolic fuel for intestinal enterocytes. It is now considered a “conditionally essential” amino acid as compared to the prior paradigm of a non-essential amino acid [ 38 ]. Glutamine is assimilated in villus cells through a sodium dependent co-transport process in the BBM specifically via B0AT1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducible Nitric Oxide Regulates Na-Glucose Co-Transport in a Spontaneous SAMP1/YitFc Mouse Model of Chronic Ileitis

et al. 2020

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In mammalian small intestine, glucose is primarily absorbed via Na-dependent glucose co-transporter (SGLT1) on the brush border membrane (BBM) of absorptive villus cells. Malabsorption of nutrients (e.g., glucose) leads to malnutrition, a common symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where the mucosa is characterized by chronic inflammation. Inducible nitric oxide (iNO) is known to be elevated in IBD mucosa. SAMP1/YitFc (SAMP1) mouse is a spontaneous model of chronic ileitis that develops lesions in its terminal ileum, very similar to human IBD. How SGLT1 may be affected in SAMP1 model of chronic ileitis is unknown. Ten-week-old SAMP1 mice with AKR mice as control were treated with N6-(1-iminoethyl)-L-lysine dihydrochloride (L-NIL) to inhibit iNO production. Intracellular NO levels were found to be increased in villus cells from SAMP1 mice. Moreover, SGLT1 and Na+/K+-ATPase activities and BBM SGLT1 expression were significantly decreased. However, L-NIL treatment reduced the intracellular iNO production, and reversed both downregulated SGLT1 and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in SAMP1 mice. Inhibition of iNO by L-NIL treatment also significantly reversed the BBM SGLT1 protein expression in SAMP1 mice. L-NIL reversed the inflammation mediated downregulation of SGLT1 activity by restoring the BBM SGLT1 expression. Thus, regulation of SGLT1 in chronic ileitis is likely mediated by iNO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducible Nitric Oxide Regulates Na-Glucose Co-Transport in a Spontaneous SAMP1/YitFc Mouse Model of Chronic Ileitis

et al. 2020

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“…Na + ‐glutamine cotransporter B 0 AT1 in villus cells was inhibited secondary to reduced cotransporter numbers and reduced NKA activity. SNAT5/SN2 in crypt cells was stimulated secondary to increased transporter affinity and NKA activity 98 . LTD4 has been shown to stimulate SN2‐mediated glutamine uptake in chronic enteritis.…”

Section: Electrolyte Transport Regulates Intestinal Nutrient Absorpti...mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…SNAT5/SN2 in crypt cells was stimulated secondary to increased transporter affinity and NKA activity. 98 LTD4 has been shown to stimulate SN2‐mediated glutamine uptake in chronic enteritis. Then Niraj Nepal et al found that LDT4 elevated [Ca 2+ ] i through leukotriene receptors, stimulating NKA in intestinal crypt cells via the PKC pathway.…”

Section: Electrolyte Transport Regulates Intestinal Nutrient Absorpti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion channels and transporters regulate nutrient absorption in health and disease

Lu,

Luo,

et al. 2023

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Ion channels and transporters are ubiquitously expressed on cell membrane, which involve in a plethora of physiological process such as contraction, neurotransmission, secretion and so on. Ion channels and transporters is of great importance to maintaining membrane potential homeostasis, which is essential to absorption of nutrients in gastrointestinal tract. Most of nutrients are electrogenic and require ion channels and transporters to absorb. This review summarizes the latest research on the role of ion channels and transporters in regulating nutrient uptake such as K+ channels, Ca2+ channels and ion exchangers. Revealing the mechanism of ion channels and transporters associated with nutrient uptake will be helpful to provide new methods to diagnosis and find potential targets for diseases like diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, etc. Even though some of study still remain ambiguous and in early stage, we believe that ion channels and transporters will be novel therapeutic targets in the future.

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“…To investigate the mechanisms of the LP diet that affect amino acid absorption, additional measurements were done on the mRNA expression of small peptides and free amino acid transporters in response to the availability of dietary amino acids. The small intestine is the primary site for the absorption of short peptides or amino acids, and amino acids and peptide transporters mediate its absorption and transport processes, respectively (Soudamani et al, 2020). Different amino acid transporters have unique substrate specificity (Wu, 2021).…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low protein diets on acid‐base balance, electrolyte balance, intestinal structure, and amino acid transport in piglets

Lin,

Tu,

et al. 2024

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Reducing the dietary crude protein (CP) could effectively reduce pressure on protein ingredient supplies. However, few data have been reported about the extent to which CP can be reduced and whether limiting the use of soybean meal leads to electrolyte imbalance. In this experiment, using the low protein (LP) diet [2% lower than NRC (2012)], seventy‐two piglets (35 days old) were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates of 6 piglets each: CON group (CP = 18.5%) and LP group (CP = 16.5%), to investigate the effect of the LP diet on electrolyte balance, acid‐base balance, intestinal structure and amino acid transport in piglets. The results revealed that the LP diet decreased the average daily gain and dietary CP digestibility, and damaged the villi structure of the small intestine. Compared with the CON diet, the potassium content decreased and the chlorine content increased in the LP diet, and similar trends were shown in piglet serum. The arterial pH, pCO2, HCO3−, and base excess of piglets in the LP group were lower than those in the CON group, while pO2 was higher than those in the CON group. Interestingly, the LP diet significantly increased the lysine content in piglet serum and significantly decreased the levels of arginine, leucine, and glutamic acid. Furthermore, the LP diet significantly affected the expression of some amino acid transport vectors (B0AT1, EAAC1, and y+LAT1). In summary, these findings suggested that the LP diet leads to acid‐base imbalance, amino acid transport disorder and amino acids imbalance in piglets, and the dietary electrolyte may be a key factor in the impact of the LP diet on piglet growth performance and intestinal health.

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Mechanisms of Regulation of Transporters of Amino Acid Absorption in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Cited by 7 publications

References 148 publications

Inducible Nitric Oxide Regulates Na-Glucose Co-Transport in a Spontaneous SAMP1/YitFc Mouse Model of Chronic Ileitis

Inducible Nitric Oxide Regulates Na-Glucose Co-Transport in a Spontaneous SAMP1/YitFc Mouse Model of Chronic Ileitis

Ion channels and transporters regulate nutrient absorption in health and disease

Effects of low protein diets on acid‐base balance, electrolyte balance, intestinal structure, and amino acid transport in piglets

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