Mechanisms of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emissions from Automotive Engines

Laity, John L.; Malbin, M. D.; Haskell, W. W.; Doty, W. I.

doi:10.4271/730835

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Cores were taken from depths of 5 to 6 m, except in Lake Wingra, where cores were taken at depths of 3.5 m (maximum depth) and 2 m (littoral zone). Various sediment parameters for these lakes have been reported elsewhere (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an example of this, the investigation of the effects on PAH emission of fuel lead content has been performed with a simultaneous variation in octane number, which is a general measure of the reaction rate of the fuel, at least with regard to the preflame reactions. The simultaneous variation in octane number might, therefore, have influenced the PAH emission, as the PAH is formed in the quench layer at the combustion chamber walls (15,26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental Procedure. Earlier investigations (26) showed that soot deposits in the combustion chamber could accumulate PAHs that could be reliberated and emitted. As discussed also in ref 30, it is therefore important to stabilize deposits before a measurement.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of fuel, lubricant, and engine operating parameters on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Pedersen¹,

Ingwersen²,

Nielsen³

et al. 1980

Environ. Sci. Technol.

125

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The effects of fuel, lubricant, and engine operating parameters on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with particles were studied by means of an automobile engine operated with a number of special fuels under steady-state conditions. More than 90% of the mass of the heavier PAHs (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene) was found on particles with a diameter below 1 gm, while for the light PAHs, a substantial part was in the vapor phase. The aromatic content, the type of aromatic fraction, and the PAH content of the fuel and lubricant had a strong effect on particle-bonded PAH emission; in comparison to this, the lead content of the fuel was of minor importance. The lubricant itself had only slight influence on particle-bonded PAH emission. This varied with the air:fuel ratio in a manner similar to.particulate matter and to unburned hydrocarbons, showing high emissions at very rich as well as very lean mixtures. On increasing the engine load, the particle-bonded PAH emission increased.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of fuel, lubricant, and engine operating parameters on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Pedersen¹,

Ingwersen²,

Nielsen³

et al. 1980

Environ. Sci. Technol.

125

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“…The aromatic hydrocarbon content of fuel has been the main focus of concern since benzene and its derivatives produce more PAHs than aliphatic hydrocarbons (Hoffman et al, 1965). A number of investigations have shown that PAHs emission increases as the aromatic content increases (Candeli et al, 1974;Begeman and Colucci, 1970;Laity et al, 1973). It is, however, uncertain whether the PAHs emitted are those which survive the combustion process or are produced by rearrangement of hydrocarbons present in the fuel (Handa et al, 1979;Pederson et al, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Profile of PAH in the Exhaust of Gasoline Driven Vehicles in Delhi

Khillare

Balachandran

Hoque

2005

Environ Monit Assess

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A preliminary study to determine the profile of PAHs in the exhaust of gasoline vehicles in Delhi was conducted. Three different types of vehicles (cars, autorickshaws and scooters) were selected with different age groups for sampling purpose. The concentration of Total PAHs (Sigma12PAHs) was found to be 27.27 +/- 2.27, 28.61 +/- 3.70 and 29.81 +/- 3.57 mg/g in the exhaust of cars, auto- rickshaws (three wheelers) and two wheelers, respectively. The levels of PAHs were found to be high in scooter exhaust as compared to that of cars and autorickshaws. The total PAHs concentration in the present study was found to be higher as compared to other studies. Such a high concentration could be attributed to different parameters like the age of the vehicles, driving conditions, the fuel quality and the emission standards.

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