Mechanisms of nanoparticle formation by ultra-short laser ablation of metals in liquid environment

Povarnitsyn, M. E.; Itina, Tatiana E.; Levashov, P. R.; Khishchenko, K. V.

doi:10.1039/c2cp42650a

Cited by 96 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As noted in the Introduction, this regime is typicallya ccompanied by large cavitation bubblef ormation, oscillations, and collapse. [38][39][40] As ar esult,w ater gets strongly compressed in fronto ft he PLAL plasma plume, starting to evaporate and forming al arge expanding and oscillating cavitation bubble. melting, evaporation/phase explosion/materiale jection), but also to the generation of mechanical stresses both in the target and in the liquid.S ubsequent energy relaxation processes occur through thermomechanical waves propagatingb oth inside the target and outside in the liquid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation‐Free Continuous‐Wave Laser Ablation from a Solid Target to Synthesize Low‐Size‐Dispersed Gold Nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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Continuous wave (CW) radiation from a Yb-fiber laser (central wavelength 1064 nm, power 1-200 W) was used to initiate ablation of a gold target in deionized water and to synthesize bare (unprotected) gold nanoparticles. We show that the formed nanoparticles present a single low-size-dispersed population with a mean size of the order of 10 nm, which contrasts with previously reported data on dual populations of nanoparticles formed during pulsed laser ablation in liquids. The lack of a second population of nanoparticles is explained by the absence of cavitation-related mechanism of material ablation, which typically takes place under pulsed laser action on a solid target in liquid ambience, and this supposition is confirmed by plume visualization tests. We also observe a gradual growth of mean nanoparticle size from 8-10 nm to 20-25 nm under the increase of laser power for 532 nm pumping wavelength, whereas for 1064 nm pumping wavelength the mean size 8-10 nm is independent of radiation power. The growth of the nanoparticles observed for 532 nm wavelength is attributed to the enhanced target melting and splashing followed by additional heating due to an efficient excitation of plasmons over gold nanoparticles. Bare, low-size-dispersed gold nanoparticles are of importance for a variety of applications, including biomedicine, catalysis, and photovoltaics. The use of CW radiation for nanomaterial production promises to improve the cost efficiency of this technology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation‐Free Continuous‐Wave Laser Ablation from a Solid Target to Synthesize Low‐Size‐Dispersed Gold Nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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“…Although the minimum size of the nanoparticles was observed at the 250 mm/s scan speed, the fluctuation of the size and size distribution was observed. This may be due to the presence of a liquid level on the target material since large size particles would be generate due to liquid layer ejection and fragmentation [37]. As such the actual water level on the target in one experiment may not be exactly the same as in another experiment.…”

Section: Generation Of Ag-tio 2 Cluster and Tio 2 Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Several mechanisms have been provided to explain production of nanoparticles by laser ablation in deionised water [37,41]. In general, generation of nanoparticles in a liquid environment by laser ablation can be divided into two steps: firstly, generation of nanoparticles from the target material and secondly, dispersion of nanoparticles in the liquid media.…”

Section: Ag and Tio 2 Combinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of novel bimodal Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles generated by hybrid laser-ultrasonic technique

Hamad

Liu

et al. 2016

Appl. Phys. A

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Silver-titania (Ag-TiO 2 ) nanoparticles with smaller Ag nanoparticles attached to larger TiO 2 nanoparticles were generated by hybrid ultrasonic vibration and picosecond laser ablation of Ag and Ti bulk targets in deionised water, for the first time. The laser has a wavelength of 1064 nm and a pulse duration of 10 ps. It was observed that without the ultrasonic vibration, Ag and TiO 2 nanoparticles did not combine, thus the role of ultrasonic vibration is essential. In addition, colloidal TiO 2 and Ag nanoparticles were generated separately for comparison under the same laser beam characteristics and process conditions. The absorption spectra of colloidal Ag-TiO 2 cluster nanoparticles were examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and size distribution was characterised using transmission electron microscopy. The morphology and composition of Ag-TiO 2 nanoparticles were examined using scanning transmission electron microscopy in highangle annular dark field, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The crystalline structures were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The size of larger TiO 2 particles was in the range 30-150 nm, and the smaller-sized Ag nanoparticles attached to the TiO 2 was mainly in the range of 10-15 nm. The yield is more than 50 % with the remaining nanoparticles in the form of uncombined Ag and TiO 2 . The nanoparticles generated had strong antibacterial effects as tested against E. coli. A discussion is given on the role of ultrasonic vibration in the formation of Ag-TiO 2 hybrid nanoparticles by picosecond laser ablation.

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“…[37,38] The subsequente xpansion of this hot plasma was confined and quenched (or cooled)b yt he surrounding liquid medium, leading to the formation of the metal clusters. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] The thermale vaporation mechanism can be refined into several subsequents teps. [37,38] Yang et al also investigated the formation of AgNP-Ag 2 O 3 nanocompositesu sing the Nd:YAG laser (wavelength:5 32 nm;p ulse duration:1 0ns; powerd ensity: 1010 W·cm À2 )i na queous solution.…”

Section: Np Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal Metal Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser Ablation and their Applications

et al. 2017

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This review article highlights the recent advances of the synthesis and application of metal nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) phase and also introduces relevant NP formation mechanisms. Although wet-chemical approaches have been well established to synthesize colloidal metal NPs with various components and structures, some inherent drawbacks, such as reaction residuals and/or contaminations, largely limit some of their applications. The PLAL method has recently been developed as an alternative approach and received increasing attention for colloidal NP preparation, without involving complicated chemical reactions. In certain cases, by using PLAL, ligand-free and surface-clean NPs can be obtained and well dispersed in liquid, leading to the formation of a "surface-clean" NP dispersion. This unique feature renders PLAL-synthesised metal NPs attractive candidates for many interesting applications in catalysis, biology, sensing, and clean energy generation and storage. We conclude this review by proposing several interesting research directions and future challenges, from PLAL fabrication to applications. We hope this review can serve as a good reference and help with the further development of PLAL-NPs and their diverse applications.

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Mechanisms of nanoparticle formation by ultra-short laser ablation of metals in liquid environment

Cited by 96 publications

References 32 publications

Cavitation‐Free Continuous‐Wave Laser Ablation from a Solid Target to Synthesize Low‐Size‐Dispersed Gold Nanoparticles

Cavitation‐Free Continuous‐Wave Laser Ablation from a Solid Target to Synthesize Low‐Size‐Dispersed Gold Nanoparticles

The characteristics of novel bimodal Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles generated by hybrid laser-ultrasonic technique

Colloidal Metal Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser Ablation and their Applications

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