Mechanisms of mindfulness: The dynamics of affective adaptation during open monitoring

Uusberg, Helen; Uusberg, Andero; Talpsep, T.; Paaver, Marika

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.05.004

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…However, the effect was not observed in the case of a task-induced state of mindfulness, where participants were instructed to pay attention to emotional stimuli with a mindful mindset. In this case, an increase in emotional response (Egan et al, 2018;Uusberg et al, 2016) or a lack of change has been reported (Lin et al, 2016). These mixed findings suggest that outcomes could be a function of the experimental context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…(i) higher dispositional mindfulness was associated with lower LPP amplitude (Brown et al, 2013;Lin et al, 2016), (ii) LPP amplitude was lower in experienced compared to naïve meditators (Sobolewski et al, 2011), and (iii) MM interventions in a healthy population were associated with a decrease in LPP amplitude (Lin et al, 2016). On the other hand, mindfulness was associated with higher LPP amplitude in two studies (Egan, Hill, & Foti, 2018;Uusberg, Uusberg, Talpsep, & Paaver, 2016), and three studies reported no effect (Cosme & Wiens, 2015;Ho, Sun, Ting, Chan, & Lee, 2015;Lin et al, 2016). It should be noted that two studies found a mixed effect of mindfulness on the LPP component, depending on the experimental condition (dispositional mindfulness, meditative state or MM intervention) (Egan et al, 2018;Lin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Towards a refined mindfulness model related to consciousness and based on ERP

Verdonk¹,

Trousselard²,

CANINI³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Neuroimaging, behavioral and self-report evidence suggests that there are four main cognitive mechanisms that support mindfulness: 1) self-regulation of attention, 2) improved body awareness, 3) improved emotion regulation, and 4) change in perspective on the self. The current paper discusses these mechanisms, based on studies of Event Related Potential (ERP). We review the ERP literature related to mindfulness and examine a dataset of 29 articles. Our findings show that the neural features of mindfulness are consistently associated with the self-regulation of attention and, in most cases, reduced reactivity to emotional stimuli and improved cognitive control. On the other hand, there appear to be no studies of body awareness. We link these electrophysiological findings to models of consciousness, and introduce a unified, mechanistic mindfulness model. The main idea in this refined model is that mindfulness decreases the threshold of conscious access. We end with several working hypotheses that could direct future mindfulness research, and clarify our results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Towards a refined mindfulness model related to consciousness and based on ERP

Verdonk¹,

Trousselard²,

CANINI³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both theoretical and empirical considerations suggest that a different pattern of effects for acceptance may emerge over longer time periods (Campbell-Sills et al, 2006; Uusberg et al, 2016). Future studies that use longitudinal designs are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance: Effects on emotion, physiology, and perceived cognitive costs.

Troy

Shallcross

Brunner

et al. 2018

Emotion

183

159

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Two emotion regulation strategies—cognitive reappraisal and acceptance—are both associated with beneficial psychological health outcomes over time. However, it remains unclear whether these 2 strategies are associated with differential consequences for emotion, physiology, or perceived cognitive costs in the short-term. The present study used a within-subjects design to examine the effects of reappraisal (reframing one’s thoughts) and acceptance (accepting feelings without trying to control or judge them) on the subjective experience of negative emotions, positive emotions, and physiological responses during and following recovery from sad film clips shown in the laboratory. Participants also reported on perceived regulatory effort, difficulty, and success after deploying each emotion regulation strategy. In 2 samples of participants (N = 142), reappraisal (vs. acceptance) was associated with larger decreases in negative and larger increases in positive emotions, both during the film clips and recovery period. However, acceptance was perceived as less difficult to deploy than reappraisal, and was associated with a smaller dampening of skin conductance level (indicating more successful regulation) during the film clips in 1 sample. These results suggest that reappraisal and acceptance may exert differential short-term effects: Whereas reappraisal is more effective for changing subjective experiences in the short term, acceptance may be less difficult to deploy and be more effective at changing one’s physiological response. Thus, these 2 strategies may both be considered “effective” for different reasons.

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“…Preliminary evidence suggests that cognitive mechanisms of mindfulness involve a better ability to extinguish unhealthy behavioral habits and emotionally adapt to stress 45 . Indeed, psychological factors did not predict response from pharmacological interventions, which involve a relatively more passive amount of patient participation 9,46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness Is Associated With Treatment Response From Nonpharmacologic Exercise Interventions in Knee Osteoarthritis

Lee

Harvey

Price

et al. 2017

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Objective To examine the association between baseline mindfulness and response from exercise interventions in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Design Cohort Study; Responder analysis of a clinical trial subset Setting Urban tertiary care academic hospital Participants 86 participants with symptomatic, radiographic knee OA (mean age, 60 years; 74% female; 48% white) Interventions 12 weeks (twice per week) of Tai Chi or Physical Therapy exercise Main Outcome Measure(s) Treatment response was defined using Osteoarthritis Research Society International criteria indicating meaningful improvements in the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain, function, or Patient Global Assessment scores. At baseline, participants completed the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ; mean total score ±SD: 142±17) and were grouped into three categories of total mindfulness: higher, medium, or lower. Relative risk (RR) ratios were used to compare treatment response across groups. Results Participants with higher total mindfulness appeared to be 38% (95% CI: 1.05, 1.83) more likely to meet responder criteria than those with lower mindfulness. We found no significant difference between medium and lower mindfulness groups (RR=1.0; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.44). Among the 5 mindfulness facets, medium Acting-with–Awareness was 46% (95% CI: 1.09, 1.96) more likely to respond than lower Acting-with–Awareness, and higher Acting-with–Awareness was 34% more likely to respond, but this did not reach significance (95% CI: 0.97, 1.86). Conclusions In this study, higher mindfulness, primarily driven by its Acting-with-Awareness facet, was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of response to non-pharmacological exercise interventions in knee OA. This suggests that mindfulness-cultivating interventions may increase the likelihood of response from exercise.

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Mechanisms of mindfulness: The dynamics of affective adaptation during open monitoring

Cited by 42 publications

References 76 publications

Towards a refined mindfulness model related to consciousness and based on ERP

Towards a refined mindfulness model related to consciousness and based on ERP

Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance: Effects on emotion, physiology, and perceived cognitive costs.

Mindfulness Is Associated With Treatment Response From Nonpharmacologic Exercise Interventions in Knee Osteoarthritis

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