Mechanisms of mindfulness: Rumination and self-compassion

Svendsen, Julie Lillebostad; Kvernenes, Katrine Valvatne; Wiker, Agnethe Smith; Dundas, Ingrid

doi:10.1080/19012276.2016.1171730

Cited by 66 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 178 publications

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“…The findings of this study showed that the mindfulness-based stress reduction group therapy, in the post-test and follow-up, decreased rumination in the MS patients. This finding is consistent with the results of several studies (10,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Amberly et al demonstrated that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy was effective in reducing rumination. Svendsen et al claimed that mindfulness training affected depressive symptoms, rumination, and high levels of self-compassion (18). Conley et al showed that mindfulness training reduced rumination and mental pressure among students (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group Therapy in Rumination Among Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Nobakht

Nikmanesh

2019

Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care

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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling neurological disorder, which in addition to neuro-motor disorders, accompanies a variety of symptoms, such as anxiety, asthenia, and reduced levels of problem-solving, and leads to a number of physical and mental disorders. This is while rumination is among psychological problems that can negatively affect MS patients' mental health. Rumination is known as a permanent engagement in a thought or an issue and is categorized as a conscious thought focused on a specific topic. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction group therapy in rumination among MS patients Methods: This quasi-experimental study was followed by a pretest, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The current study had a statistical population including all patients with MS, who referred to Sistan and Baluchestan MS Community from December 2016 to February 2017. Among them, 30 patients were selected as the sample using the convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to a control group and an experimental group (each including 15 patients). Eight 60-minute sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction group therapy were conducted on the experimental group. A post-test was carried out after completing all sessions and a follow-up was performed a month later. Yousefi rumination scale was used as the data collection tool. An analysis of covariance was applied to analyze the obtained data. Results: The results indicated that mindfulness-based stress reduction group therapy reduced rumination in patients with MS in the post-test and follow-up (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Authorities are recommended to apply the mindfulness-based stress reduction group therapy to improve rumination among patients with chronic diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group Therapy in Rumination Among Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Nobakht

Nikmanesh

2019

Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care

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“…These findings correspond with results from a recent meta‐analytic review reporting a negative correlation between mindfulness and rumination (Naragon‐Gainey, McMahon, & Chacko, ). Higher levels of mindfulness have been related to lower levels of depressive rumination in both an undergraduate student sample (Svendsen, Kvernenes, Wiker, & Dundas, ) and a treatment‐seeking sample at a mood and anxiety disorder clinic (Desrosiers, Vine, Klemanski, & Nolen‐Hoeksema, ). As people with higher levels of trait mindfulness are more capable to be attentive and aware of experiences in the present (Brown & Ryan, ), they may be less likely to be focused on events in the past.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Utrecht Grief Rumination Scale

Tang

Eisma

et al. 2019

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Given the severe mental health consequences that may ensue after bereavement, it is crucial to better understand malleable cognitive factors that are associated with poorer bereavement outcomes. Grief rumination (i.e., repetitive thinking about the causes and consequences of a loss) is a malleable cognitive process that is concurrently and longitudinally associated with postloss mental health problems. To assess grief rumination, the English and Dutch Utrecht Grief Rumination Scale (UGRS) were recently developed. The current study examined the reliability and validity of a Chinese version of the UGRS. Three hundred and ninety‐three Chinese adults (56% women) bereaved on average 16.88 months ago filled out online questionnaires assessing demographic and loss‐related characteristics, grief rumination (UGRS), trait rumination, trait mindfulness, and anxiety, depressive, and prolonged grief symptoms. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that a second‐order five‐factor hierarchical model provided the most optimal factor structure for the Chinese UGRS. UGRS total scale and subscale scores demonstrated acceptable internal consistency. Grief rumination had a moderate positive association with trait rumination and a low negative association with trait mindfulness, providing convergent and discriminant validity evidence. Test‐criterion validity evidence was also provided. UGRS scores could distinguish bereaved groups with different relationships with the deceased. Moreover, grief rumination was associated with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and prolonged grief even after controlling for demographic and loss‐related variables, trait rumination, and trait mindfulness. The Chinese UGRS appears a valid and reliable instrument to assess grief rumination in Chinese bereaved individuals.

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“…One explanation could be that those not distracted by negative thoughts or rumination develop a goal intention more easily than those who do not. In fact, a decrease in rumination is considered one of the central mechanisms of mindfulness (Svendsen et al 2017). A closer look at the suggested paradoxes of mindfulness as well as mechanisms such as reperceiving could be valuable to understand this relationship (Shapiro et al 2006;Shapiro et al 2018).…”

Section: Relationships Between Mindfulness and Stage-specific Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facets of Mindfulness in Stages of Behavior Change Toward Organic Food Consumption

Richter

Hunecke

2020

Mindfulness

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Objectives The preference of organically grown foods can potentially decrease greenhouse gas emissions, which are related to climate change. Recent empirical studies suggest associations between dispositional mindfulness and self-reported pro-environmental behavior. In order to identify the potential and mechanisms of mindfulness with regard to pro-environmental behaviors, it is necessary to consider theories of action. Methods The present study examines the relationship between five facets of self-attributed mindfulness and organic food consumption considering a stage model of behavior change that includes different types of intentions and stage-specific predictors adapted from the theory of planned behavior and the norm-activation model. A cross-sectional online study was conducted with a sample of 560 participants. The mean age of the participants was 30 (SD = 10.5) years, and the sample consisted largely of females (76%). A minority reported regular meditation practice (8%). Results The multivariate analyses showed a significant relationship between observing and goal intention (β = .317, p < .000) as well as the indirect effects of observing on goal intention that is mediated by personal norms and attitude. Further, people in the postaction stage have higher levels of observing than those in the predecision stage (p = .003, d = .43). Overall, the mindfulness facets contribute low to the explained variance of the stage model variables. Conclusion Consistent across the analyses, the mindfulness facet of observing was proved to be a particularly relevant predictor of organic food consumption-related variables. The investigation of the observing facet could be beneficial to understand associated mechanisms and starting points to promote pro-environmental behavior through mindfulness.

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Mechanisms of mindfulness: Rumination and self-compassion

Cited by 66 publications

References 178 publications

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group Therapy in Rumination Among Multiple Sclerosis Patients

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group Therapy in Rumination Among Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Utrecht Grief Rumination Scale

Facets of Mindfulness in Stages of Behavior Change Toward Organic Food Consumption

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