Mechanisms of Long Noncoding Xist RNA-Mediated Chromosome-Wide Gene Silencing in X-Chromosome Inactivation

Yamada, Norishige; Ogawa, Yasushi

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55576-6_9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Mutations in the enzymes responsible for ncRNA synthesis, such as Argonaute or Rdp1, have been shown to cause alterations in the formation of heterochromatin (Djupedal & Ekwall 2009;Huisinga & Elgin 2009). In the case of lncRNA, there is evidence that suggests that these molecules can bind to chromatin-remodeling enzymes and guide them to specific molecular targets (Yamada & Ogawa 2015). miRNAs are 18-25 nucleotides long, they are present in almost all eukaryotes with some exceptions like Saccharomyces cerevisiae.…”

Section: Post-translational Histone Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XiRNA is encoded by Xist, this gene is located within the X-inactivation center (Xic), a chromosomal region required for X-inactivation. Similarly, other genes for lncRNAs are part of the Xic: Tsix, Jpx, Ftx, Xite, RepA and Tsx; they regulate Xist expression (Yamada & Ogawa 2015). In a recent study, Yildirim et al (2013) showed that deletion of Xist induces an aggressive and lethal blood cancer in female mice.…”

Section: Post-translational Histone Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epigenetics: from the past to the present

Villota-Salazar

Mendoza‐Mendoza

González-Prieto

2016

Frontiers in Life Science

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The definition of epigenetics is still under intense debate; however, its concept has evolved since it was originally introduced in 1939 by Conrad Hal Waddington as a way to reconcile antagonistic views between the school of preformationism and the school of epigenesis. The characterization of a large number of phenomena that diverge from the dogmas of classical genetics, and the discovery of the molecular mechanisms through which these phenomena occur, has given rise to a new area of study with important implications for biological sciences. Interactions between the environment and the DNA through modifications on the chromatin are not only responsible for the expression of a normal phenotype, these may be involved in the development of various pathologies. The epigenome, as the bridge between the genome and the phenotype, is no doubt one of the most interesting current ideas in genetics and is so revolutionary that it may change our present notions about inheritance and evolution. In this review, we made a compilation of the most important events in the history of epigenetics, its implications and some perspectives to the future.

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Section: Post-translational Histone Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post-translational Histone Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%