Mechanisms of Grain Structure Evolution in a Quenched Medium Carbon Steel during Warm Deformation

Abstract

<jats:p>The as-quenched medium-carbon low-alloy Fe-0.36wt.%C-1wt.%Cr steel was subjected to warm deformation via uniaxial compression at temperatures of 400–700 °C and strain rates of 10−4–10−2 s−1. At low temperatures (400–550 °C), the microstructure evolution was mainly associated with dynamic recovery with the value of activation energy of 140 ± 35 kJ/mol. At higher temperatures (600–700 °C), dynamic recrystallization was developed, and activation energy in this case was 243 ± 15 kJ/mol. The presence of nanoscale carbide particles in the structure at temperatures of 400–600 °C resulted in the appearance of threshold stresses. A two-component &lt;001&gt;//compression direction (CD) and &lt;111&gt;//CD deformation texture was formed during deformation. Deformation at the low temperatures resulted in the formation of elongated ferritic grains separated mainly by high-angle boundaries (HAB) with a strong &lt;001&gt;//CD texture. The grains with the &lt;111&gt;//CD orientation were wider in comparison with those with the &lt;001&gt;//CD orientation. The development of substructure in the form of low-angle boundaries (LAB) networks was also observed in the &lt;111&gt;//CD grains. The development of dynamic recrystallization restricted the texture formation. The processing map for warm deformation of the 0.36C-1Cr steel was constructed.</jats:p>

Crystal Plasticity

“…an influence of trapped gas on pore healing under hot isostatic pressing in nickel-base superalloys (Prasad et al [16]; • a microstructural influence on stretch flangeability of ferrite-martensite dual-phase steels (Kim et al [17]); • an effect of equal-channel angular pressing on microstructure, mechanical properties, and biodegradation behavior of Mg alloyed with Ag and Gd (Straumal et al [18]); • kinetics of capability aging in Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy (Lee et al [19]); • mechanisms of grain structure evolution in a quenched medium carbon steel during warm deformation (Panov et al [20]); • a microstructure, texture, and strength development during high-pressure torsion of CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy (Skrotzki et al [21]); • an effect of strain on transformation diagrams of 100Cr6 steel (Kawulok et al [22]); • mechanical and thermal properties of low-density Al20+xCr20-xMo20-yTi20V20+y alloys (Bhandari et al [23]); • the late age dynamic strength of high-volume fly ash concrete with nano-silica and polypropylene fibres (Mussa et al [24]); • dislocation reactions governing low-temperature and high-stress creep of ni-base single crystal superalloys (Burger et al [25]).…”