2009
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00096508
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Mechanisms of emphysema in α1-antitrypsin deficiency: molecular and cellular insights

Abstract: The severe, early onset emphysema that occurs in patients with circulating deficiency of a 1 -antitrypsin (a 1 -AT) attests to the importance of this protease inhibitor in maintaining lung parenchymal integrity. It has led to the powerful concept of protease:antiprotease balance being crucial to alveolar homeostasis.Pathogenic mutations cause a 1 -AT to self-associate into polymer chains that accumulate intracellularly rather than proceeding along the secretory pathway. Polymerisation of a 1 -AT abolishes anti… Show more

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Cited by 121 publications
(108 citation statements)
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“…Hereditary, as well as sporadic, alterations drive disturbed proteostasis in the pathogenesis of COPD. Hereditary mutations in α 1 -antitrypsin and α 1 -antichymotrypsin not only result in loss of protein function but misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER triggering the UPR and subsequent lung inflammation, thereby, driving chronic obstructive lung diseases [66,67]. Loss of proteostasis is also a hallmark for sporadic cases of COPD.…”
Section: Loss Of Proteostasismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hereditary, as well as sporadic, alterations drive disturbed proteostasis in the pathogenesis of COPD. Hereditary mutations in α 1 -antitrypsin and α 1 -antichymotrypsin not only result in loss of protein function but misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER triggering the UPR and subsequent lung inflammation, thereby, driving chronic obstructive lung diseases [66,67]. Loss of proteostasis is also a hallmark for sporadic cases of COPD.…”
Section: Loss Of Proteostasismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Son nom provient de sa mobilité électro-phorétique, particulièrement lente par comparaison à la forme sauvage ou à la forme mutante S pour slowly (Tableau I). Une mutation ponctuelle (la substitution d'une lysine par un glutamate en position 342 [E342K]) conduit au repliement incorrect de la protéine mutée Z (Tableau I) [9]. Comme tous les autres mutants, le variant Z n'est plus sécrété par les hépatocytes, ce qui entraîne une diminution d'α1AT dans le sérum et donc, à terme, à un emphysème pulmonaire.…”
Section: Le Mutant Z De L'a1atunclassified
“…Polymère trophiles dans les alvéoles pulmonaires des patients [40] ; d'autre part, ils sont chémo-attractants in vitro pour les neutrophiles et favorisent leur adhésion et stimulent leur dégranulation [9]. Enfin, l'environnement peut jouer un rôle important dans le déficit en 1AT, en particulier dans la formation des polymères Z.…”
Section: Z-a1atunclassified
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“…Он связывает такие протеазы, как эластазу, трипсин, хемотрипсин, тромбин, бактериальные протеазы. Самый важный физиологический эф-фект -ингибирование лейкоцитарной эластазы [8]. У взрослых с недостаточностью альфа-1-антитрипсина (А1А) часто развивается эмфизема легких, мелкоузловой цирроз печени.…”
unclassified