Mechanisms of Electrical Stimulation with Neural Prostheses

Rattay, Frank; Resatz, S.; Lutter, Petra; Minassian, Karen; Jilge, B.; Dimitrijevič, Milan R.

doi:10.1046/j.1525-1403.2003.03006.x

Cited by 60 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…It was done because there are excellent reviews written on these subject and we encourage the reader to supplement the information provided here with additional details when they are required. [77][78][79][80][81] The electrical processes taking place during stimulation and recording are fairly identical, with the exception that the sequence of charge movements is reversed and magnitude of currents in the recording modality is smaller. For stimulation, charges are delivered to the electrode and induce the shift in the membrane potential of the neuron.…”

Section: Brief Overview Of Electrical Processes During Electrostimulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials for Neural Interfaces

et al. 2009

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This review focuses on the application of nanomaterials for neural interfacing. The junction between nanotechnology and neural tissues can be particularly worthy of scientific attention for several reasons: (i) Neural cells are electroactive, and the electronic properties of nanostructures can be tailored to match the charge transport requirements of electrical cellular interfacing. (ii) The unique mechanical and chemical properties of nanomaterials are critical for integration with neural tissue as long‐term implants. (iii) Solutions to many critical problems in neural biology/medicine are limited by the availability of specialized materials. (iv) Neuronal stimulation is needed for a variety of common and severe health problems. This confluence of need, accumulated expertise, and potential impact on the well‐being of people suggests the potential of nanomaterials to revolutionize the field of neural interfacing. In this review, we begin with foundational topics, such as the current status of neural electrode (NE) technology, the key challenges facing the practical utilization of NEs, and the potential advantages of nanostructures as components of chronic implants. After that the detailed account of toxicology and biocompatibility of nanomaterials in respect to neural tissues is given. Next, we cover a variety of specific applications of nanoengineered devices, including drug delivery, imaging, topographic patterning, electrode design, nanoscale transistors for high‐resolution neural interfacing, and photoactivated interfaces. We also critically evaluate the specific properties of particular nanomaterials—including nanoparticles, nanowires, and carbon nanotubes—that can be taken advantage of in neuroprosthetic devices. The most promising future areas of research and practical device engineering are discussed as a conclusion to the review.

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Section: Brief Overview Of Electrical Processes During Electrostimulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials for Neural Interfaces

et al. 2009

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“…Modern medicine increasingly uses electrical stimulation of nerve tissue to help patients regain lost functionality (Rattay et al 2003). Computational models aid in enhancing understanding of the behaviour of the electrically stimulated nerve fibre.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelled temperature-dependent excitability behaviour of a single ranvier node for a human peripheral sensory nerve fibre

Smit

Hanekom

2008

Biol Cybern

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The objective of this study was to determine whether the Hodgkin-Huxley model for unmyelinated nerve fibres could be modified to predict excitability behaviour at Ranvier nodes. Only the model parameters were modified to those of human, with the equations left unaltered. A model of a single Ranvier node has been developed as part of a larger model to describe excitation behaviour in a generalised human peripheral sensory nerve fibre. Parameter values describing the ionic and leakage conductances, corresponding equilibrium potentials, resting membrane potential and membrane capacitance of the original Hodgkin-Huxley model were modified to reflect the corresponding parameter values for human. Parameter temperature dependence was included. The fast activating potassium current kinetics were slowed down to represent those of a slow activating and deactivating potassium current, which do not inactivate. All calculations were performed in MATLAB. Action potential shape and amplitude were satisfactorily predicted at 20, 25 and 37 degrees C, and were not influenced by activation or deactivation of the slow potassium current. The calculated chronaxie time constant was 65.5 micros at 37 degrees C. However, chronaxie times were overestimated at temperatures lower than body temperature.

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“…Gimsa). cussed (Vitek, 2002;McIntyre et al, 2004). It is still unclear which parameter determines whether neurons are artificially stimulated; the induced transmembrane potential, which is proportional to the tissue field strength, or the activating function (Rattay et al, 2003). Roughly speaking, the activating function considers sites in the vicinity of neurons or axons to be especially vulnerable to artificial stimulation when they are sources or sinks of field, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%