Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain legumes I: Osmotic adjustment

Amede, Tilahun; Schubert, Sven; Stahr, Karl

doi:10.4314/sinet.v26i1.18198

Cited by 48 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Osmotic adaptation was found to be low or even absent in faba beans (Amede et al, 1999;Sau & Minguez, 2000;Katerji et al, 2002;Amede & Schubert, 2003a), moderate in pea (Yan et al, 1994;Amede & Schubert, 2003a) and high in both chickpea (Leport et al, 1998;Amede & Schubert, 2003b) and lentil (Leport et al, 1998;Leport et al, 2003). Drought tolerant pea genotypes had better turgor maintenance, which was significantly related to osmotic adjustment (Sánchez et al, 1998).…”

Section: Osmotic Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

et al. 2006

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The adaptability and productivity of cool-season food legumes (chickpea, faba bean, lentil, pea) are limited by major abiotic stresses including drought, heat, frost, chilling, waterlogging, salinity and mineral toxicities. The severity of these stresses is unpredictable in field experiments, so field trials are increasingly supplemented with controlledenvironment testing and physiological screening. For drought testing, irrigation is used in dry fields and rain-out shelters in damp ones. Carbon isotope discrimination ( 13 C) is a well-established screen for drought tolerance in C3 cereal crops which is now being validated for use in grain legumes, but it is relatively expensive per sample and more economical methods include stomatal conductance and canopy temperature. Chickpea lines ICC4958 and FLIP87-59C and faba bean line ILB938 have demonstrated good drought tolerance parameters in different experiments. For frost tolerance, an efficient controlled-environment procedure involves exposing hardened pot-grown plants to subzero temperatures. Faba beans Cote d'Or and BPL4628 as well as lentil ILL5865 have demonstrated good freezing tolerance in such tests. Chilling-tolerance tests are more commonly conducted in the field and lentil line ILL1878 as well as derivatives of interspecific crosses between chickpea and its wild relatives have repeatedly shown good results. The timing of chilling is particularly important as temperatures which are not lethal to the plant can greatly disrupt fertilization of flowers. Salinity response can be determined using hydroponic methods with a sand or gravel substrate and rapid, efficient scoring is based on leaf symptoms. Many lines of chickpea, faba bean and lentil have shown good salinity tolerance in a single article but none has become a benchmark. Waterlogging tolerance can be evaluated using paired hydroponic systems, one oxygenated and the other de-oxygenated. The development of lysigenous cavities or aerenchyma in roots, common in warm-season legumes, is reported in pea and lentil but is not well established in chickpea or faba bean. Many stresses are associated with oxidative damage leading to changes in chlorophyll fluorescence, membrane stability and peroxidase levels. An additional factor relevant to the legumes is the response of the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the stress.

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Section: Osmotic Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In chickpea, sugar and sugar alcohols contributed more than 50% (Amede & Schubert, 2003a), in peas from less than 10% (Yan et al, 1994) up to 46% (Sánchez et al, 2004) to the osmotic pool. In chickpea, pinitol and sucrose accumulated in response to drought stress (Orthen et al, 1994).…”

Section: Osmotic Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

et al. 2006

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“…Faba bean is more sensitive to drought than some other grain legumes including common bean, pea and chickpea (McDonald and Paulsen 1997;Amede and Schubert 2003). Although genotypic differences in the response of faba bean to drought have been documented (Heringa et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluation of physiological traits for improving drought tolerance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

Link²,

et al. 2007

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Among grain legumes, faba bean is becoming increasingly popular in European agriculture due to recent economic and environmental interests. Faba bean can be a highly productive crop, but it is sensitive to drought stress and yields can vary considerably from season to season. Understanding the physiological basis of drought tolerance would indicate traits that can be used as indirect selection criteria for the development of cultivars adapted to drought conditions. To assess genotypic variation in physiological traits associated with drought tolerance in faba bean and to determine relationships among these attributes, two pot experiments were established in a growth chamber using genetic materials that had previously been screened for drought response in the field. Nine inbred lines of diverse genetic backgrounds were tested under adequate water supply and limited water conditions. The genotypes showed substantial variation in shoot dry matter, water use, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, transpiration efficiency, carbon isotope discrimination (D 13 C), relative water content (RWC) and osmotic potential, determined at pre-flowering vegetative stage. Moisture deficits decreased water usage and consequently shoot dry matter production. RWC, osmotic potential, stomatal conductance and D 13 C were lower, whereas leaf temperature and transpiration efficiency were higher in stressed plants, probably due to restricted transpirational cooling induced by stomatal closure. Furthermore, differences in stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, D 13 C and transpiration efficiency characterized genotypes that were physiologically more adapted to water deficit conditions. Correlation analysis also showed relatively strong relationships among these variables under well watered conditions. The drought tolerant genotypes, ILB-938/2 and Melodie showed lower stomatal conductance associated with warmer leaves, whereas higher stomatal conductance and cooler leaves were observed in sensitive lines (332/2/91/015/1 and Aurora/1). The lower value of D 13 C coupled with higher transpiration efficiency in ILB-938/2, relative to sensitive lines (Aurora/1 and Condor/3), is indeed a desirable characteristic for waterlimited environments. Finally, the results showed that stomatal conductance, leaf temperature and D 13 C are promising physiological indicators for drought tolerance in faba bean. These variables could be measured in pot-grown plants at adequate water supply and may serve as indirect selection criteria to pre-screen genotypes.

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“…Drought is one of the major important abiotic stresses that cause considerable yield loss to faba bean production (Link et al 1999). Moreover, faba bean shows more sensitivity to drought than some other grain legumes including common bean, pea and chickpea (Amede and Schubert 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability in Tunisian populations of faba bean (Vicia faba L. var. major) assessed by morphological and SSR markers

Rebaa¹,

Abid²,

Aouida³

et al. 2017

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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The genetic diversity of 21 faba bean populations was examined using morphological and molecular markers. DNA was extracted from 189 individuals and 8 microsatellite markers were genotyped individually in these 21 populations. A total of 53 alleles were obtained in all populations, with an average of 6.62 alleles per locus. The expected and observed heterozygosity was 0.38 and 0.62 respectively. The average polymorphism index content of SSR markers was 0.61, ranging from 0.31 to 0.81. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram clustered all the populations into two groups, each for them subdivided into 3 sub-groups according to geographical origin. Morphological variation showed that the populations were not grouped according to their geographical origin. Therefore, patterns of differentiation of morphological traits did not coincide with molecular differentiation, indicating that morphological variation does not reflect genetic subdivision in studied faba bean populations. Analysis of molecular variance revealed high levels of genetic variation (83%) within population and provides a good base for designing genetic improvement programs. The result of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that three dimensional principal components (PC1, PC2 and PC3) contributed 40.56% of the total variability and accounted with values of 20.64, 11.22 and 8.70%, respectively. Cluster analysis based on PCA indicated three separate groups of populations. The genetic relationships found between the 21 populations samples were the same in both the PCA and STRUCTURE analysis which support the results observed. These data may serve as a foundation for the development of faba bean breeding programs.

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Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain legumes I: Osmotic adjustment

Cited by 48 publications

References 22 publications

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

Evaluation of physiological traits for improving drought tolerance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

Genetic variability in Tunisian populations of faba bean (Vicia faba L. var. major) assessed by morphological and SSR markers

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