Mechanisms of disruption of meristematic competence by microgravity in<i>Arabidopsis</i>seedlings

Herranz, Raúl; Valbuena, Miguel A.; Youssef, Khaled; Medina, F. Javier

doi:10.4161/psb.28289

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Furthermore, red light shows a general positive effect on the transduction of the light and gravity signals mediated by auxin (Medina and Herranz 2010) by inducing the normalization of the auxin polar transport, which is affected under microgravity conditions (Herranz et al 2014). Also in this case, there are experimental differences depending on particular conditions.…”

Section: Red Light Photoactivation Compensates For the Deleterious Efmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Since both microgravity (lack of gravitropic stimulus) and red light irradiation may be increasing the cell proliferation rate through similar pathways (e.g. those involving CK2 or PIF activity (Herranz et al 2014)), the absence of gravity should have minimal effects if the pathway is already activated by red light. The phytohormone auxin is the key factor mediating transduction of the signals from light and gravity receptors to the effect on meristematic cells (Vandenbrink et al 2014).…”

Section: Red Light Photoactivation Compensates For the Deleterious Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The combined effects of real or simulated microgravity and red-light photoactivation on plant root meristematic cells

Valbuena

Manzano

Vandenbrink

et al. 2018

Planta

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Red light is able to compensate for deleterious effects of microgravity on root cell growth and proliferation. Partial gravity combined with red light produces differential signals during the early plant development. Light and gravity are environmental cues used by plants throughout evolution to guide their development. We have investigated the cross-talk between phototropism and gravitropism under altered gravity in space. The focus was on the effects on the meristematic balance between cell growth and proliferation, which is disrupted under microgravity in the dark. In our spaceflight experiments, seedlings of three Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes, namely the wild type and mutants of phytochrome A and B, were grown for 6 days, including red-light photoactivation for the last 2 days. Apart from the microgravity and the 1g on-board control conditions, fractional gravity (nominally 0.1g, 0.3g, and 0.5g) was created with on-board centrifuges. In addition, a simulated microgravity (random positioning machine, RPM) experiment was performed on ground, including both dark-grown and photostimulated samples. Photoactivated samples in spaceflight and RPM experiments showed an increase in the root length consistent with phototropic response to red light, but, as gravity increased, a gradual decrease in this response was observed. Uncoupling of cell growth and proliferation was detected under microgravity in darkness by transcriptomic and microscopic methods, but red-light photoactivation produced a significant reversion. In contrast, the combination of red light and partial gravity produced small but consistent variations in the molecular markers of cell growth and proliferation, suggesting an antagonistic effect between light and gravity signals at the early plant development. Understanding these parameters of plant growth and development in microgravity will be important as bioregenerative life support systems for the colonization of the Moon and Mars.

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Section: Red Light Photoactivation Compensates For the Deleterious Efmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Red Light Photoactivation Compensates For the Deleterious Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

The combined effects of real or simulated microgravity and red-light photoactivation on plant root meristematic cells

Valbuena

Manzano

Vandenbrink

et al. 2018

Planta

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“…The biochemical mechanisms by which plants perceive light and gravity stimuli are not fully clear. However, numerous studies have reported that their perception initiates a signal transduction cascade, leading to a response through differential growth [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. In the case of trees, reorientation to the normal gravity vector growth involves not only wood formation but also a primary gravitropic reaction where plants exert a physical force to restore upright growth [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Talk between Flavonoids and Hormones to Reorient the Growth of Gymnosperms

Morales-Quintana

Ramos

2021

IJMS

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Plants reorient the growth of affected organs in response to the loss of gravity vector. In trees, this phenomenon has received special attention due to its importance for the forestry industry of conifer species. Sustainable management is a key factor in improving wood quality. It is of paramount importance to understand the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying wood formation, together with the hormonal and environmental factors that affect wood formation and quality. Hormones are related to the modulation of vertical growth rectification. Many studies have resulted in a model that proposes differential growth in the stem due to unequal auxin and jasmonate allocation. Furthermore, many studies have suggested that in auxin distribution, flavonoids act as molecular controllers. It is well known that flavonoids affect auxin flux, and this is a new area of study to understand the intracellular concentrations and how these compounds can control the gravitropic response. In this review, we focused on different molecular aspects related to the hormonal role in flavonoid homeostasis and what has been done in conifer trees to identify molecular players that could take part during the gravitropic response and reduce low-quality wood formation.

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“…Cell cycle studies under gravitational alteration may greatly benefit from the use of an in vitro cell culture system. It may reveal the pure response of individual cells to the gravity change, in comparison with the statolith system existing in the root and shoot tips, responsible for gravitropism, which is not present in this system (Hashiguchi, Tasaka, & Morita, ; Herranz, Valbuena, Youssef, & Medina, ). Furthermore, it enables the achievement of different cellular and molecular biological analyses without the restrictions and constraints of the studies in planta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell cycle acceleration and changes in essential nuclear functions induced by simulated microgravity in a synchronized Arabidopsis cell culture

Kamal

Herranz

Loon

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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Zero gravity is an environmental challenge unknown to organisms throughout evolution on Earth. Nevertheless, plants are sensitive to altered gravity, as exemplified by changes in meristematic cell proliferation and growth. We found that synchronized Arabidopsis-cultured cells exposed to simulated microgravity showed a shortened cell cycle, caused by a shorter G2/M phase and a slightly longer G1 phase. The analysis of selected marker genes and proteins by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry in synchronic G1 and G2 subpopulations indicated changes in gene expression of core cell cycle regulators and chromatin-modifying factors, confirming that microgravity induced misregulation of G2/M and G1/S checkpoints and chromatin remodelling. Changes in chromatin-based regulation included higher DNA methylation and lower histone acetylation, increased chromatin condensation, and overall depletion of nuclear transcription. Estimation of ribosome biogenesis rate using nucleolar parameters and selected nucleolar genes and proteins indicated reduced nucleolar activity under simulated microgravity, especially at G2/M. These results expand our knowledge of how meristematic cells are affected by real and simulated microgravity. Counteracting this cellular stress is necessary for plant culture in space exploration.

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Mechanisms of disruption of meristematic competence by microgravity inArabidopsisseedlings

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

The combined effects of real or simulated microgravity and red-light photoactivation on plant root meristematic cells

The combined effects of real or simulated microgravity and red-light photoactivation on plant root meristematic cells

A Talk between Flavonoids and Hormones to Reorient the Growth of Gymnosperms

Cell cycle acceleration and changes in essential nuclear functions induced by simulated microgravity in a synchronized Arabidopsis cell culture

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